Pushing the Limits of Unconstrained Face Detection: a Challenge Dataset and Baseline Results
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Abstract (arXiv)
Face detection has witnessed immense progress in the last few years, with new milestones being surpassed every year. While many challenges such as large variations in scale, pose, appearance are successfully addressed, there still exist several issues which are not specifically captured by existing methods or datasets. In this work, we identify the next set of challenges that requires attention from the research community and collect a new dataset of face images that involve these issues such as weather-based degradations, motion blur, focus blur and several others. We demonstrate that there is a considerable gap in the performance of state-of-the-art detectors and real-world requirements. Hence, in an attempt to fuel further research in unconstrained face detection, we present a new annotated Unconstrained Face Detection Dataset (UFDD) with several challenges and benchmark recent methods. Additionally, we provide an in-depth analysis of the results and failure cases of these methods. The dataset as well as baseline results will be made publicly available in due time. The UFDD dataset as well as baseline results are available at: www.ufdd.info/
Key facts. Cited by 16 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 26 Apr 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 6; 2022: 5; 2023: 1; 2024: 0; 2025: 3; 2026: 1.
16 papers.
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- 2021Unsupervised Domain Adaptation of Object Detectors: A Surveycited by 93
- 2022Multitask AET with Orthogonal Tangent Regularity for Dark Object Detectioncited by 59
- 2023Surveillance Face Anti-spoofingcited by 12
- 2021Going Deeper Into Face Detection: A Surveycited by 10
- 2021Detect Faces Efficiently: A Survey and Evaluationscited by 6
- 2022Practical exposure correction via compensationcited by 5
- 2022Privacy-preserving Online AutoML for Domain-Specific Face Detectioncited by 4
- 2021Benchmarking Shadow Removal for Facial Landmark Detection and Beyondcited by 3
- 2025Embodied Domain Adaptation for Object Detectioncited by 3
- 2021EMface: Detecting Hard Faces by Exploring Receptive Field Pyramindscited by 2
- 2026How far have we gone in Generative Image Restoration? A study on its capability, limitations and evaluation practicescited by 2
- 2025ODOV: Benchmark the Open-Domain Open-Vocabulary Object Detectioncited by 1
4 more
- 20211st Place Solutions for UG2+ Challenge 2021 -- (Semi-)supervised Face detection in the low light conditioncited by 0
- 2022Fast Eye Detector Using Siamese Network for NIR Partial Face Imagescited by 0
- 2022Peng Cheng Object Detection Benchmark for Smart Citycited by 0
- 2025EfficientDepth: A Fast and Detail-Preserving Monocular Depth Estimation Modelcited by 0
- 2026How far have we gone in Generative Image Restoration? A study on its capability, limitations and evaluation practices5 Mar 2026
- 2025EfficientDepth: A Fast and Detail-Preserving Monocular Depth Estimation Model26 Sep 2025
- 2025ODOV: Benchmark the Open-Domain Open-Vocabulary Object Detection2 Aug 2025
- 2025Embodied Domain Adaptation for Object Detection27 Jun 2025
- 2023Surveillance Face Anti-spoofing3 Jan 2023
- 2022Practical exposure correction via compensation29 Dec 2022
- 2022Multitask AET with Orthogonal Tangent Regularity for Dark Object Detection6 May 2022
- 2022Privacy-preserving Online AutoML for Domain-Specific Face Detection16 Mar 2022
- 2022Peng Cheng Object Detection Benchmark for Smart City11 Mar 2022
- 2022Fast Eye Detector Using Siamese Network for NIR Partial Face Images22 Feb 2022
- 2021Detect Faces Efficiently: A Survey and Evaluations3 Dec 2021
- 2021Benchmarking Shadow Removal for Facial Landmark Detection and Beyond27 Nov 2021
4 more
- 20211st Place Solutions for UG2+ Challenge 2021 -- (Semi-)supervised Face detection in the low light condition2 Jul 2021
- 2021Unsupervised Domain Adaptation of Object Detectors: A Survey27 May 2021
- 2021EMface: Detecting Hard Faces by Exploring Receptive Field Pyraminds21 May 2021
- 2021Going Deeper Into Face Detection: A Survey27 Mar 2021
- 2021Unsupervised Domain Adaptation of Object Detectors: A Surveycited by 93
- 2022Multitask AET with Orthogonal Tangent Regularity for Dark Object Detectioncited by 59
- 2023Surveillance Face Anti-spoofingcited by 12
- 2021Going Deeper Into Face Detection: A Surveycited by 10
- 2021Detect Faces Efficiently: A Survey and Evaluationscited by 6
- 2022Practical exposure correction via compensationcited by 5
- 2022Privacy-preserving Online AutoML for Domain-Specific Face Detectioncited by 4
- 2021Benchmarking Shadow Removal for Facial Landmark Detection and Beyondcited by 3
- 2025Embodied Domain Adaptation for Object Detectioncited by 3
- 2021EMface: Detecting Hard Faces by Exploring Receptive Field Pyramindscited by 2
- 2026How far have we gone in Generative Image Restoration? A study on its capability, limitations and evaluation practicescited by 2
- 2025ODOV: Benchmark the Open-Domain Open-Vocabulary Object Detectioncited by 1
12 most cited of 16 All 16 (JSON)
- 2026How far have we gone in Generative Image Restoration? A study on its capability, limitations and evaluation practices5 Mar 2026
- 2025EfficientDepth: A Fast and Detail-Preserving Monocular Depth Estimation Model26 Sep 2025
- 2025ODOV: Benchmark the Open-Domain Open-Vocabulary Object Detection2 Aug 2025
- 2025Embodied Domain Adaptation for Object Detection27 Jun 2025
- 2023Surveillance Face Anti-spoofing3 Jan 2023
- 2022Practical exposure correction via compensation29 Dec 2022
- 2022Multitask AET with Orthogonal Tangent Regularity for Dark Object Detection6 May 2022
- 2022Privacy-preserving Online AutoML for Domain-Specific Face Detection16 Mar 2022
- 2022Peng Cheng Object Detection Benchmark for Smart City11 Mar 2022
- 2022Fast Eye Detector Using Siamese Network for NIR Partial Face Images22 Feb 2022
- 2021Detect Faces Efficiently: A Survey and Evaluations3 Dec 2021
- 2021Benchmarking Shadow Removal for Facial Landmark Detection and Beyond27 Nov 2021
12 newest of 16 All 16 (JSON)