Time series experiments and causal estimands: exact randomization tests and trading
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Abstract (arXiv)
We define causal estimands for experiments on single time series, extending the potential outcome framework to dealing with temporal data. Our approach allows the estimation of some of these estimands and exact randomization based p-values for testing causal effects, without imposing stringent assumptions. We test our methodology on simulated "potential autoregressions,"which have a causal interpretation. Our methodology is partially inspired by data from a large number of experiments carried out by a financial company who compared the impact of two different ways of trading equity futures contracts. We use our methodology to make causal statements about their trading methods.
Key facts. Cited by 21 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 23 Jun 2017.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 3; 2023: 7; 2024: 2; 2025: 3; 2026: 4.
21 papers.
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- 2023High-probability sample complexities for policy evaluation with linear function approximationcited by 16
- 2023Correcting for Interference in Experiments: A Case Study at Douyincited by 12
- 2026EdgeBench: Unveiling Scaling Laws of Learning from Real-World Environmentscited by 12
- 2022Policy Evaluation for Temporal and/or Spatial Dependent Experimentscited by 8
- 2023An Experimental Design for Anytime-Valid Causal Inference on Multi-Armed Banditscited by 8
- 2024Unraveling the Interplay between Carryover Effects and Reward Autocorrelations in Switchback Experimentscited by 6
- 2024Combining Experimental and Historical Data for Policy Evaluationcited by 6
- 2022Quantile Off-Policy Evaluation via Deep Conditional Generative Learningcited by 5
- 2025GST-UNet: A Neural Framework for Spatiotemporal Causal Inference with Time-Varying Confoundingcited by 5
- 2022A Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Framework for Off-Policy Evaluation in Two-sided Marketscited by 4
- 2021Adaptive Sequential Design for a Single Time-Seriescited by 3
- 2025A Two-armed Bandit Framework for A/B Testingcited by 2
9 more
- 2023A Unified Representation Framework for Rideshare Marketplace Equilibrium and Efficiencycited by 1
- 2026Designing Time Series Experiments in A/B Testing with Transformer Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2021Dynamic covariate balancing: estimating treatment effects over time with potential local projectionscited by 0
- 2023Balancing Risk and Reward: An Automated Phased Release Strategycited by 0
- 2023Causal Estimation of User Learning in Personalized Systemscited by 0
- 2023A Meta-Learning Method for Estimation of Causal Excursion Effects to Assess Time-Varying Moderationcited by 0
- 2025Unbiased Platform-Level Causal Estimation for Search Systems: A Competitive Isolation PSM-DID Frameworkcited by 0
- 2026Fit CATE Once: Model-Assisted Randomization Tests Without Sample Splittingcited by 0
- 2026Reconciling Causality and Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics with Hamiltonian Causal Modelscited by 0
- 2026EdgeBench: Unveiling Scaling Laws of Learning from Real-World Environments6 Jul 2026
- 2026Reconciling Causality and Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics with Hamiltonian Causal Models3 Jun 2026
- 2026Fit CATE Once: Model-Assisted Randomization Tests Without Sample Splitting9 May 2026
- 2026Designing Time Series Experiments in A/B Testing with Transformer Reinforcement Learning2 Feb 2026
- 2025Unbiased Platform-Level Causal Estimation for Search Systems: A Competitive Isolation PSM-DID Framework3 Nov 2025
- 2025A Two-armed Bandit Framework for A/B Testing24 Jul 2025
- 2025GST-UNet: A Neural Framework for Spatiotemporal Causal Inference with Time-Varying Confounding7 Feb 2025
- 2024Combining Experimental and Historical Data for Policy Evaluation1 Jun 2024
- 2024Unraveling the Interplay between Carryover Effects and Reward Autocorrelations in Switchback Experiments26 Mar 2024
- 2023An Experimental Design for Anytime-Valid Causal Inference on Multi-Armed Bandits9 Nov 2023
- 2023A Meta-Learning Method for Estimation of Causal Excursion Effects to Assess Time-Varying Moderation28 Jun 2023
- 2023Causal Estimation of User Learning in Personalized Systems1 Jun 2023
9 more
- 2023High-probability sample complexities for policy evaluation with linear function approximation30 May 2023
- 2023Balancing Risk and Reward: An Automated Phased Release Strategy16 May 2023
- 2023Correcting for Interference in Experiments: A Case Study at Douyin4 May 2023
- 2023A Unified Representation Framework for Rideshare Marketplace Equilibrium and Efficiency28 Feb 2023
- 2022Quantile Off-Policy Evaluation via Deep Conditional Generative Learning29 Dec 2022
- 2022Policy Evaluation for Temporal and/or Spatial Dependent Experiments22 Feb 2022
- 2022A Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Framework for Off-Policy Evaluation in Two-sided Markets21 Feb 2022
- 2021Dynamic covariate balancing: estimating treatment effects over time with potential local projections1 Mar 2021
- 2021Adaptive Sequential Design for a Single Time-Series29 Jan 2021
- 2023High-probability sample complexities for policy evaluation with linear function approximationcited by 16
- 2023Correcting for Interference in Experiments: A Case Study at Douyincited by 12
- 2026EdgeBench: Unveiling Scaling Laws of Learning from Real-World Environmentscited by 12
- 2022Policy Evaluation for Temporal and/or Spatial Dependent Experimentscited by 8
- 2023An Experimental Design for Anytime-Valid Causal Inference on Multi-Armed Banditscited by 8
- 2024Unraveling the Interplay between Carryover Effects and Reward Autocorrelations in Switchback Experimentscited by 6
- 2024Combining Experimental and Historical Data for Policy Evaluationcited by 6
- 2022Quantile Off-Policy Evaluation via Deep Conditional Generative Learningcited by 5
- 2025GST-UNet: A Neural Framework for Spatiotemporal Causal Inference with Time-Varying Confoundingcited by 5
- 2022A Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Framework for Off-Policy Evaluation in Two-sided Marketscited by 4
- 2021Adaptive Sequential Design for a Single Time-Seriescited by 3
- 2025A Two-armed Bandit Framework for A/B Testingcited by 2
12 most cited of 21 All 21 (JSON)
- 2026EdgeBench: Unveiling Scaling Laws of Learning from Real-World Environments6 Jul 2026
- 2026Reconciling Causality and Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics with Hamiltonian Causal Models3 Jun 2026
- 2026Fit CATE Once: Model-Assisted Randomization Tests Without Sample Splitting9 May 2026
- 2026Designing Time Series Experiments in A/B Testing with Transformer Reinforcement Learning2 Feb 2026
- 2025Unbiased Platform-Level Causal Estimation for Search Systems: A Competitive Isolation PSM-DID Framework3 Nov 2025
- 2025A Two-armed Bandit Framework for A/B Testing24 Jul 2025
- 2025GST-UNet: A Neural Framework for Spatiotemporal Causal Inference with Time-Varying Confounding7 Feb 2025
- 2024Combining Experimental and Historical Data for Policy Evaluation1 Jun 2024
- 2024Unraveling the Interplay between Carryover Effects and Reward Autocorrelations in Switchback Experiments26 Mar 2024
- 2023An Experimental Design for Anytime-Valid Causal Inference on Multi-Armed Bandits9 Nov 2023
- 2023A Meta-Learning Method for Estimation of Causal Excursion Effects to Assess Time-Varying Moderation28 Jun 2023
- 2023Causal Estimation of User Learning in Personalized Systems1 Jun 2023
12 newest of 21 All 21 (JSON)