Log-linear Combinations of Monolingual and Bilingual Neural Machine Translation Models for Automatic Post-Editing
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Abstract (arXiv)
This paper describes the submission of the AMU (Adam Mickiewicz University) team to the Automatic Post-Editing (APE) task of WMT 2016. We explore the application of neural translation models to the APE problem and achieve good results by treating different models as components in a log-linear model, allowing for multiple inputs (the MT-output and the source) that are decoded to the same target language (post-edited translations). A simple string-matching penalty integrated within the log-linear model is used to control for higher faithfulness with regard to the raw machine translation output. To overcome the problem of too little training data, we generate large amounts of artificial data. Our submission improves over the uncorrected baseline on the unseen test set by -3.2% TER and +5.5% BLEU and outperforms any other system submitted to the shared-task by a large margin.
Key facts. Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 16 May 2016.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 4; 2023: 2; 2024: 2; 2025: 2.
13 papers.
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- 2024Guiding Large Language Models to Post-Edit Machine Translation with Error Annotationscited by 22
- 2023Exploiting Biased Models to De-bias Text: A Gender-Fair Rewriting Modelcited by 14
- 2021DirectQE: Direct Pretraining for Machine Translation Quality Estimationcited by 7
- 2021Netmarble AI Center's WMT21 Automatic Post-Editing Shared Task Submissioncited by 5
- 2024RoundTripOCR: A Data Generation Technique for Enhancing Post-OCR Error Correction in Low-Resource Devanagari Languagescited by 3
- 2025Giving the Old a Fresh Spin: Quality Estimation-Assisted Constrained Decoding for Automatic Post-Editingcited by 3
- 2021Transfer Learning for Sequence Generation: from Single-source to Multi-sourcecited by 2
- 2022Bilingual Synchronization: Restoring Translational Relationships with Editing Operationscited by 2
- 2023Improving Language Model Integration for Neural Machine Translationcited by 2
- 2022Advancing Semi-Supervised Learning for Automatic Post-Editing: Data-Synthesis by Mask-Infilling with Erroneous Termscited by 1
- 2022Automatic Correction of Human Translationscited by 1
- 2022An Empirical Study of Automatic Post-Editingcited by 0
1 more
- 2025LangMark: A Multilingual Dataset for Automatic Post-Editing21 Nov 2025
- 2025Giving the Old a Fresh Spin: Quality Estimation-Assisted Constrained Decoding for Automatic Post-Editing28 Jan 2025
- 2024RoundTripOCR: A Data Generation Technique for Enhancing Post-OCR Error Correction in Low-Resource Devanagari Languages14 Dec 2024
- 2024Guiding Large Language Models to Post-Edit Machine Translation with Error Annotations11 Apr 2024
- 2023Improving Language Model Integration for Neural Machine Translation8 Jun 2023
- 2023Exploiting Biased Models to De-bias Text: A Gender-Fair Rewriting Model18 May 2023
- 2022Bilingual Synchronization: Restoring Translational Relationships with Editing Operations24 Oct 2022
- 2022An Empirical Study of Automatic Post-Editing16 Sep 2022
- 2022Automatic Correction of Human Translations17 Jun 2022
- 2022Advancing Semi-Supervised Learning for Automatic Post-Editing: Data-Synthesis by Mask-Infilling with Erroneous Terms8 Apr 2022
- 2021Netmarble AI Center's WMT21 Automatic Post-Editing Shared Task Submission14 Sep 2021
- 2021Transfer Learning for Sequence Generation: from Single-source to Multi-source31 May 2021
1 more
- 2024Guiding Large Language Models to Post-Edit Machine Translation with Error Annotationscited by 22
- 2023Exploiting Biased Models to De-bias Text: A Gender-Fair Rewriting Modelcited by 14
- 2021DirectQE: Direct Pretraining for Machine Translation Quality Estimationcited by 7
- 2021Netmarble AI Center's WMT21 Automatic Post-Editing Shared Task Submissioncited by 5
- 2024RoundTripOCR: A Data Generation Technique for Enhancing Post-OCR Error Correction in Low-Resource Devanagari Languagescited by 3
- 2025Giving the Old a Fresh Spin: Quality Estimation-Assisted Constrained Decoding for Automatic Post-Editingcited by 3
- 2021Transfer Learning for Sequence Generation: from Single-source to Multi-sourcecited by 2
- 2022Bilingual Synchronization: Restoring Translational Relationships with Editing Operationscited by 2
- 2023Improving Language Model Integration for Neural Machine Translationcited by 2
- 2022Advancing Semi-Supervised Learning for Automatic Post-Editing: Data-Synthesis by Mask-Infilling with Erroneous Termscited by 1
- 2022Automatic Correction of Human Translationscited by 1
- 2022An Empirical Study of Automatic Post-Editingcited by 0
12 most cited of 13 All 13 (JSON)
- 2025LangMark: A Multilingual Dataset for Automatic Post-Editing21 Nov 2025
- 2025Giving the Old a Fresh Spin: Quality Estimation-Assisted Constrained Decoding for Automatic Post-Editing28 Jan 2025
- 2024RoundTripOCR: A Data Generation Technique for Enhancing Post-OCR Error Correction in Low-Resource Devanagari Languages14 Dec 2024
- 2024Guiding Large Language Models to Post-Edit Machine Translation with Error Annotations11 Apr 2024
- 2023Improving Language Model Integration for Neural Machine Translation8 Jun 2023
- 2023Exploiting Biased Models to De-bias Text: A Gender-Fair Rewriting Model18 May 2023
- 2022Bilingual Synchronization: Restoring Translational Relationships with Editing Operations24 Oct 2022
- 2022An Empirical Study of Automatic Post-Editing16 Sep 2022
- 2022Automatic Correction of Human Translations17 Jun 2022
- 2022Advancing Semi-Supervised Learning for Automatic Post-Editing: Data-Synthesis by Mask-Infilling with Erroneous Terms8 Apr 2022
- 2021Netmarble AI Center's WMT21 Automatic Post-Editing Shared Task Submission14 Sep 2021
- 2021Transfer Learning for Sequence Generation: from Single-source to Multi-source31 May 2021
12 newest of 13 All 13 (JSON)