Character-Level Question Answering with Attention
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Abstract (arXiv)
We show that a character-level encoder-decoder framework can be successfully applied to question answering with a structured knowledge base. We use our model for single-relation question answering and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on the SimpleQuestions dataset (Bordes et al., 2015), where we improve state-of-the-art accuracy from 63.9% to 70.9%, without use of ensembles. Importantly, our character-level model has 16x fewer parameters than an equivalent word-level model, can be learned with significantly less data compared to previous work, which relies on data augmentation, and is robust to new entities in testing.
Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 4 Apr 2016.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 2; 2023: 3; 2024: 0; 2025: 1.
9 papers.
- 2023An Empirical Study of Pre-trained Language Models in Simple Knowledge Graph Question Answeringcited by 19
- 20232-D SSM: A General Spatial Layer for Visual Transformerscited by 18
- 2022Semantic Structure based Query Graph Prediction for Question Answering over Knowledge Graphcited by 9
- 2021Making Attention Mechanisms More Robust and Interpretable with Virtual Adversarial Trainingcited by 8
- 2021Incremental Knowledge Based Question Answeringcited by 1
- 2021Knowledge Graph Question Answering via SPARQL Silhouette Generationcited by 1
- 2025Knowledge Fusion via Bidirectional Information Aggregationcited by 1
- 2022Towards Collaborative Question Answering: A Preliminary Studycited by 0
- 2023Exploring the State of the Art in Legal QA Systemscited by 0
- 2025Knowledge Fusion via Bidirectional Information Aggregation11 Jul 2025
- 20232-D SSM: A General Spatial Layer for Visual Transformers11 Jun 2023
- 2023Exploring the State of the Art in Legal QA Systems13 Apr 2023
- 2023An Empirical Study of Pre-trained Language Models in Simple Knowledge Graph Question Answering18 Mar 2023
- 2022Semantic Structure based Query Graph Prediction for Question Answering over Knowledge Graph15 Apr 2022
- 2022Towards Collaborative Question Answering: A Preliminary Study24 Jan 2022
- 2021Knowledge Graph Question Answering via SPARQL Silhouette Generation6 Sep 2021
- 2021Making Attention Mechanisms More Robust and Interpretable with Virtual Adversarial Training18 Apr 2021
- 2021Incremental Knowledge Based Question Answering18 Jan 2021