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DenseBox: Unifying Landmark Localization with End to End Object Detection

arXiv 1509.04874 ↗First posted 16 Sep 2015cs.CVcited by 58

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Abstract (arXiv)

How can a single fully convolutional neural network (FCN) perform on object detection? We introduce DenseBox, a unified end-to-end FCN framework that directly predicts bounding boxes and object class confidences through all locations and scales of an image. Our contribution is two-fold. First, we show that a single FCN, if designed and optimized carefully, can detect multiple different objects extremely accurately and efficiently. Second, we show that when incorporating with landmark localization during multi-task learning, DenseBox further improves object detection accuray. We present experimental results on public benchmark datasets including MALF face detection and KITTI car detection, that indicate our DenseBox is the state-of-the-art system for detecting challenging objects such as faces and cars.

Key facts. Cited by 58 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 16 Sep 2015.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 21; 2022: 17; 2023: 12; 2024: 5; 2025: 3.

58 papers.

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  1. 2021FCOS3D: Fully Convolutional One-Stage Monocular 3D Object Detectioncited by 444
  2. 2021Conditional DETR for Fast Training Convergencecited by 422
  3. 2021PV-RCNN++: Point-Voxel Feature Set Abstraction With Local Vector Representation for 3D Object Detectioncited by 232
  4. 2021Probabilistic and Geometric Depth: Detecting Objects in Perspectivecited by 190
  5. 2021OTA: Optimal Transport Assignment for Object Detectioncited by 177
  6. 2021Efficient DETR: Improving End-to-End Object Detector with Dense Priorcited by 128
  7. 2022MUTR3D: A Multi-camera Tracking Framework via 3D-to-2D Queriescited by 90
  8. 2021QueryDet: Cascaded Sparse Query for Accelerating High-Resolution Small Object Detectioncited by 70
  9. 2021DiscoBox: Weakly Supervised Instance Segmentation and Semantic Correspondence from Box Supervisioncited by 59
  10. 2023Radar-Camera Fusion for Object Detection and Semantic Segmentation in Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 57
  11. 2024DAVE -- A Detect-and-Verify Paradigm for Low-Shot Countingcited by 49
  12. 2023Explicit Box Detection Unifies End-to-End Multi-Person Pose Estimationcited by 48
38 more
  1. 2021Disentangle Your Dense Object Detectorcited by 37
  2. 2022Dense Learning based Semi-Supervised Object Detectioncited by 32
  3. 2022Plug and Play Active Learning for Object Detectioncited by 28
  4. 2021PolarMask++: Enhanced Polar Representation for Single-Shot Instance Segmentation and Beyondcited by 27
  5. 2022One-Stage Cascade Refinement Networks for Infrared Small Target Detectioncited by 25
  6. 2022AIParsing: Anchor-free Instance-level Human Parsingcited by 14
  7. 2022Deep Learning Serves Traffic Safety Analysis: A Forward-looking Reviewcited by 13
  8. 2022ObjectBox: From Centers to Boxes for Anchor-Free Object Detectioncited by 12
  9. 2022Text Growing on Leafcited by 11
  10. 2021Gated3D: Monocular 3D Object Detection From Temporal Illumination Cuescited by 9
  11. 2022Extending One-Stage Detection with Open-World Proposalscited by 9
  12. 2022Graph Fusion Network for Multi-Oriented Object Detectioncited by 7
  13. 2022Zoom Text Detectorcited by 7
  14. 2024TransGOP: Transformer-Based Gaze Object Predictioncited by 6
  15. 2024Referring Human Pose and Mask Estimation in the Wildcited by 6
  16. 2021Detection and Rectification of Arbitrary Shaped Scene Texts by using Text Keypoints and Linkscited by 5
  17. 2021PDNet: Toward Better One-Stage Object Detection With Prediction Decouplingcited by 5
  18. 2022CG-SSD: Corner Guided Single Stage 3D Object Detection from LiDAR Point Cloudcited by 5
  19. 2023WeLayout: WeChat Layout Analysis System for the ICDAR 2023 Competition on Robust Layout Segmentation in Corporate Documentscited by 5
  20. 2024Efficient One-stage Video Object Detection by Exploiting Temporal Consistencycited by 5
  21. 2021Pseudo-IoU: Improving Label Assignment in Anchor-Free Object Detectioncited by 3
  22. 2025Edge Approximation Text Detectorcited by 3
  23. 2021Deep adversarial attack on target detection systemscited by 2
  24. 2021Range-Aware Attention Network for LiDAR-based 3D Object Detection with Auxiliary Point Density Level Estimationcited by 2
  25. 2021Radio-Assisted Human Detectioncited by 2
  26. 2022Unitail: Detecting, Reading, and Matching in Retail Scenecited by 2
  27. 2022SemiMultiPose: A Semi-supervised Multi-animal Pose Estimation Frameworkcited by 2
  28. 2023Multi-camera Bird's Eye View Perception for Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
  29. 2021Modulating Localization and Classification for Harmonized Object Detectioncited by 1
  30. 2022DFAM-DETR: Deformable feature based attention mechanism DETR on slender object detectioncited by 1
  31. 2023Refining the ONCE Benchmark with Hyperparameter Tuningcited by 1
  32. 2023Deep Learning-Based Object Detection in Maritime Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Imagery: Review and Experimental Comparisonscited by 1
  33. 2023MatchDet: A Collaborative Framework for Image Matching and Object Detectioncited by 1
  34. 2024Unified-IoU: For High-Quality Object Detectioncited by 1
  35. 2025Density-based Object Detection in Crowded Scenescited by 1
  36. 2025OG-HFYOLO :Orientation gradient guidance and heterogeneous feature fusion for deformation table cell instance segmentationcited by 1
  37. 2021Objects as Extreme Pointscited by 0
  38. 2021AGSFCOS: Based on attention mechanism and Scale-Equalizing pyramid network of object detectioncited by 0

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