Arabizi Detection and Conversion to Arabic
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Abstract (arXiv)
Arabizi is Arabic text that is written using Latin characters. Arabizi is used to present both Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Arabic dialects. It is commonly used in informal settings such as social networking sites and is often with mixed with English. In this paper we address the problems of: identifying Arabizi in text and converting it to Arabic characters. We used word and sequence-level features to identify Arabizi that is mixed with English. We achieved an identification accuracy of 98.5%. As for conversion, we used transliteration mining with language modeling to generate equivalent Arabic text. We achieved 88.7% conversion accuracy, with roughly a third of errors being spelling and morphological variants of the forms in ground truth.
Key facts. Cited by 16 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 28 Jun 2013.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 4; 2022: 2; 2023: 3; 2024: 1; 2025: 4; 2026: 2.
16 papers.
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- 2023Dolphin: A Challenging and Diverse Benchmark for Arabic NLGcited by 22
- 2023A Material Lens on Coloniality in NLPcited by 19
- 2021Morphosyntactic Tagging with Pre-trained Language Models for Arabic and its Dialectscited by 14
- 2025Nile-Chat: Egyptian Language Models for Arabic and Latin Scriptscited by 7
- 2021Sexism detection: The first corpus in Algerian dialect with a code-switching in Arabic/ French and Englishcited by 5
- 2024Cross-Lingual Transfer from Related Languages: Treating Low-Resource Maltese as Multilingual Code-Switchingcited by 5
- 2025A Survey of Code-switched Arabic NLP: Progress, Challenges, and Future Directionscited by 5
- 2021Automatic Romanization of Arabic Bibliographic Recordscited by 3
- 2023Toxic language detection: a systematic review of Arabic datasetscited by 3
- 2022TArC: Tunisian Arabish Corpus First complete releasecited by 2
- 2022Maknuune: A Large Open Palestinian Arabic Lexiconcited by 2
- 2025A Survey of Pun Generation: Datasets, Evaluations and Methodologiescited by 2
4 more
- 2026Tarab: A Multi-Dialect Corpus of Arabic Lyrics and Poetrycited by 2
- 2021Comparative Error Analysis in Neural and Finite-state Models for Unsupervised Character-level Transductioncited by 1
- 2025A Tale of Two Scripts: Transliteration and Post-Correction for Judeo-Arabiccited by 1
- 2026Romanized Arabic Across Dialects: Views, Usage Patterns, and Linguistic Variationcited by 0
- 2026Romanized Arabic Across Dialects: Views, Usage Patterns, and Linguistic Variation3 Aug 2026
- 2026Tarab: A Multi-Dialect Corpus of Arabic Lyrics and Poetry17 Mar 2026
- 2025A Survey of Pun Generation: Datasets, Evaluations and Methodologies7 Jul 2025
- 2025A Tale of Two Scripts: Transliteration and Post-Correction for Judeo-Arabic7 Jul 2025
- 2025Nile-Chat: Egyptian Language Models for Arabic and Latin Scripts6 Jul 2025
- 2025A Survey of Code-switched Arabic NLP: Progress, Challenges, and Future Directions23 Jan 2025
- 2024Cross-Lingual Transfer from Related Languages: Treating Low-Resource Maltese as Multilingual Code-Switching30 Jan 2024
- 2023Toxic language detection: a systematic review of Arabic datasets12 Dec 2023
- 2023A Material Lens on Coloniality in NLP14 Nov 2023
- 2023Dolphin: A Challenging and Diverse Benchmark for Arabic NLG24 May 2023
- 2022Maknuune: A Large Open Palestinian Arabic Lexicon24 Oct 2022
- 2022TArC: Tunisian Arabish Corpus First complete release11 Jul 2022
4 more
- 2021Morphosyntactic Tagging with Pre-trained Language Models for Arabic and its Dialects13 Oct 2021
- 2021Comparative Error Analysis in Neural and Finite-state Models for Unsupervised Character-level Transduction24 Jun 2021
- 2021Sexism detection: The first corpus in Algerian dialect with a code-switching in Arabic/ French and English3 Apr 2021
- 2021Automatic Romanization of Arabic Bibliographic Records12 Mar 2021
- 2023Dolphin: A Challenging and Diverse Benchmark for Arabic NLGcited by 22
- 2023A Material Lens on Coloniality in NLPcited by 19
- 2021Morphosyntactic Tagging with Pre-trained Language Models for Arabic and its Dialectscited by 14
- 2025Nile-Chat: Egyptian Language Models for Arabic and Latin Scriptscited by 7
- 2021Sexism detection: The first corpus in Algerian dialect with a code-switching in Arabic/ French and Englishcited by 5
- 2024Cross-Lingual Transfer from Related Languages: Treating Low-Resource Maltese as Multilingual Code-Switchingcited by 5
- 2025A Survey of Code-switched Arabic NLP: Progress, Challenges, and Future Directionscited by 5
- 2021Automatic Romanization of Arabic Bibliographic Recordscited by 3
- 2023Toxic language detection: a systematic review of Arabic datasetscited by 3
- 2022TArC: Tunisian Arabish Corpus First complete releasecited by 2
- 2022Maknuune: A Large Open Palestinian Arabic Lexiconcited by 2
- 2025A Survey of Pun Generation: Datasets, Evaluations and Methodologiescited by 2
12 most cited of 16 All 16 (JSON)
- 2026Romanized Arabic Across Dialects: Views, Usage Patterns, and Linguistic Variation3 Aug 2026
- 2026Tarab: A Multi-Dialect Corpus of Arabic Lyrics and Poetry17 Mar 2026
- 2025A Survey of Pun Generation: Datasets, Evaluations and Methodologies7 Jul 2025
- 2025A Tale of Two Scripts: Transliteration and Post-Correction for Judeo-Arabic7 Jul 2025
- 2025Nile-Chat: Egyptian Language Models for Arabic and Latin Scripts6 Jul 2025
- 2025A Survey of Code-switched Arabic NLP: Progress, Challenges, and Future Directions23 Jan 2025
- 2024Cross-Lingual Transfer from Related Languages: Treating Low-Resource Maltese as Multilingual Code-Switching30 Jan 2024
- 2023Toxic language detection: a systematic review of Arabic datasets12 Dec 2023
- 2023A Material Lens on Coloniality in NLP14 Nov 2023
- 2023Dolphin: A Challenging and Diverse Benchmark for Arabic NLG24 May 2023
- 2022Maknuune: A Large Open Palestinian Arabic Lexicon24 Oct 2022
- 2022TArC: Tunisian Arabish Corpus First complete release11 Jul 2022
12 newest of 16 All 16 (JSON)