The Expressive Power of Word Embeddings
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
We seek to better understand the difference in quality of the several publicly released embeddings. We propose several tasks that help to distinguish the characteristics of different embeddings. Our evaluation of sentiment polarity and synonym/antonym relations shows that embeddings are able to capture surprisingly nuanced semantics even in the absence of sentence structure. Moreover, benchmarking the embeddings shows great variance in quality and characteristics of the semantics captured by the tested embeddings. Finally, we show the impact of varying the number of dimensions and the resolution of each dimension on the effective useful features captured by the embedding space. Our contributions highlight the importance of embeddings for NLP tasks and the effect of their quality on the final results.
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 15 Jan 2013.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 0; 2023: 2; 2024: 1; 2025: 3.
7 papers.
- 2021The King is Naked: on the Notion of Robustness for Natural Language Processingcited by 16
- 2025Towards an Explainable Comparison and Alignment of Feature Embeddingscited by 10
- 2023Semantic and Expressive Variation in Image Captions Across Languagescited by 8
- 2024When is an Embedding Model More Promising than Another?cited by 7
- 2023Low-bit Quantization for Deep Graph Neural Networks with Smoothness-aware Message Propagationcited by 5
- 2025Generating Synthetic Data with Formal Privacy Guarantees: State of the Art and the Road Aheadcited by 4
- 2025From Essence to Defense: Adaptive Semantic-aware Watermarking for Embedding-as-a-Service Copyright Protectioncited by 2
- 2025From Essence to Defense: Adaptive Semantic-aware Watermarking for Embedding-as-a-Service Copyright Protection18 Dec 2025
- 2025Towards an Explainable Comparison and Alignment of Feature Embeddings6 Jun 2025
- 2025Generating Synthetic Data with Formal Privacy Guarantees: State of the Art and the Road Ahead26 Mar 2025
- 2024When is an Embedding Model More Promising than Another?11 Jun 2024
- 2023Semantic and Expressive Variation in Image Captions Across Languages22 Oct 2023
- 2023Low-bit Quantization for Deep Graph Neural Networks with Smoothness-aware Message Propagation29 Aug 2023
- 2021The King is Naked: on the Notion of Robustness for Natural Language Processing13 Dec 2021