Query Independent Variable Rate Visual Token Coding
On the map: Efficient LLM inference and serving → Visual token pruning in multimodal models
Abstract (arXiv)
Visual-token compression for vision--language models is posed almost entirely as a selection problem: decide which tokens to keep and discard the rest. The criteria that work best rank tokens by the attention the language model pays them, which makes the ranking a function of the question being asked. That is invisible in a single-turn benchmark and decisive whenever a compressed representation is written once and read many times, as when it is cached across the turns of a conversation or transmitted between a device and a server. We take the other half of the classical transform-coding toolkit instead: keep every token and vary its rate. A transform code exposes each token's measured distortion--rate curve, and a fixed bit budget is distributed across tokens by exact integer rate--distortion optimisation on those curves. No text enters the pipeline, so one compressed representation serves any query. At equal bit budgets, on two datasets and two capacities, it preserves the model's output distribution and its answers better than uniform-rate coding, the closed-form water-fill and distortion-ranked pruning. It matches attention-ranked pruning on the question pruning was tuned for, and overtakes it once the compressed image must answer a different question about the same image.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Visual token pruning in multimodal models, one of 12 directions in Efficient LLM inference and serving. Builds on 11 of its 14 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Sep 2026.
Builds on
11 of 14 references.
Closest ancestors · 6
Same direction, newest first
- 2026OccamToken: Efficient VLM Inference with Training-Free and Budget-Adaptive Token Pruning28 May
- 2025Adaptive-VoCo: Complexity-Aware Visual Token Compression for Vision-Language Models20 Dec
- 2025Hybrid Token Compression for Vision-Language Models9 Dec
- 2025Fourier Compressor: Frequency-Domain Visual Token Compression for Vision-Language Models8 Aug
- 2024LLaVA-PruMerge: Adaptive Token Reduction for Efficient Large Multimodal Models22 Mar
- 2024An Image is Worth 1/2 Tokens After Layer 2: Plug-and-Play Inference Acceleration for Large Vision-Language Models11 Mar
Other references · 5
- 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,498
- 2025Qwen3-VL Technical Reportcited by 2,534
- 2022ChartQA: A Benchmark for Question Answering about Charts with Visual and Logical Reasoningcited by 1,449
- 2022Token Merging: Your ViT But Fastercited by 995
- 2026RUTA: Principled Visual Token Allocation via Rate-Utility Optimizationcited by 1
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Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026Beyond Selection: Token Parameterization for Extreme Visual Token Compression
- 2025A Glimpse to Compress: Dynamic Visual Token Pruning for Large Vision-Language Models
- 2026AsymVLM: Asymmetric Token Pruning for Efficient Vision-Language Model Inference
- 2024FocusLLaVA: A Coarse-to-Fine Approach for Efficient and Effective Visual Token Compression
- 2026LRCP: Low-Rank Compressibility Guided Visual Token Pruning for Efficient LVLMs
- 2026Not All Visual Tokens Are Equally Safe to Remove:Consequence-Sensitive Visual Token Compression
- 2024Visual-Word Tokenizer: Beyond Fixed Sets of Tokens in Vision Transformers
- 2025Are We Using the Right Benchmark: An Evaluation Framework for Visual Token Compression Methods