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Index-Translate: A Multilingual Translation Model Family -- Text, Speech, Controlled Dubbing, and Long-Document Translation

arXiv 2609.40181 ↗First posted 30 Sep 2026cs.CLcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

We introduce Index-Translate, a multilingual translation model family that combines a shared multilingual foundation with specialized training for general translation, instruction following, speech translation, controlled dubbing, and long-document translation. It includes three model sizes, 2B, 9B, and 35B-A3B, and supports translation in 150 languages, with multilingual instruction following. Evaluations on general translation and complex translation instructions show that Index-Translate outperforms translation models of comparable size and achieves performance comparable to 100B-scale translation models and frontier models. Image-text evaluation shows that translation remains possible without image examples in Index-Translate-specific training, although results vary by model size. Index-Echo provides end-to-end speech-to-text and speech-to-speech translation, outperforming existing end-to-end models and achieving performance comparable to frontier omni models. Index-Homura extends the family to syllable-controlled dubbing. Index-NativeLong introduces native long-document translation with a dedicated task formulation and benchmark. These capabilities support diverse translation tasks, including multilingual content production.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 14 of its 31 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Sep 2026.

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References · 14

  1. 2021RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embeddingcited by 4,703
  2. 2023GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmarkcited by 2,879
  3. 2022No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translationcited by 1,312
  4. 2024MiniCPM: Unveiling the Potential of Small Language Models with Scalable Training Strategiescited by 723
  5. 2023C-Eval: A Multi-Level Multi-Discipline Chinese Evaluation Suite for Foundation Modelscited by 708
  6. 2025Qwen3-Omni Technical Reportcited by 497
  7. 2023The Impact of Positional Encoding on Length Generalization in Transformerscited by 327
  8. 2025CosyVoice 3: Towards In-the-wild Speech Generation via Scaling-up and Post-trainingcited by 150
  9. 2024LongWriter: Unleashing 10,000+ Word Generation from Long Context LLMscited by 144
  10. 2024INCLUDE: Evaluating Multilingual Language Understanding with Regional Knowledgecited by 86
  11. 2026MOPD: Multi-Teacher On-Policy Distillation for Capability Integration in LLM Post-Trainingcited by 72
  12. 2026Hy-MT2: A Family of Fast, Efficient and Powerful Multilingual Translation Models in the Wildcited by 10
2 more
  1. 2025RIVAL: Reinforcement Learning with Iterative and Adversarial Optimization for Machine Translationcited by 4
  2. 2026HOMURA: Taming the Sand-Glass for Time-Constrained LLM Translation via Reinforcement Learningcited by 1

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