Adaptive-GEPA: Make Your Harness Fit Heterogeneous Requests
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Abstract (arXiv)
Reflective optimizers such as GEPA improve language model prompts from execution traces and evaluator feedback; full-program extensions can also rewrite tools and control flow. In practice, a user hands the same endpoint heterogeneous requests whose effective solutions require different tools, reasoning modes, and control flow. Optimizing one shared program leaves this division of work implicit in source-code search, while optimizing a separate program per request family fixes it beforehand. We introduce Adaptive-GEPA, which learns both how to divide requests and how to solve them. It evolves a router and a library of specialist programs under one search budget. The router's instructions, each specialist's description, and its program code are plain, human-readable text, edited from feedback. To combine branches, it aligns specialists by the requests they handle and inherits descriptions together with programs. On a fixed mixture of four task families, the reported Qwen3-8B run evolves four experts without supplying family labels to the router or reflection model; its routing matches the task partition on all 651 test requests. Its family-mean test score (x100) rises from 52.6 to 70.6, compared with 62.5 for GEPA's full-program adapter and 54.0 for GRPO at a nominal budget of 18,000 scored calls. These counts do not equate total compute. Figure 1 summarizes the learning curves, final test scores, and routing agreement.
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References · 19
- 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 9,379
- 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,820
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- 2018HotpotQA: A Dataset for Diverse, Explainable Multi-hop Question Answeringcited by 3,754
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- 2023DSPy: Compiling Declarative Language Model Calls into Self-Improving Pipelinescited by 832
- 2025GEPA: Reflective Prompt Evolution Can Outperform Reinforcement Learningcited by 542
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- 2024AFlow: Automating Agentic Workflow Generationcited by 432
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- 2024Optimizing Instructions and Demonstrations for Multi-Stage Language Model Programscited by 291
- 2024PAPILLON: Privacy Preservation from Internet-based and Local Language Model Ensemblescited by 57
7 more
- 2025AutoPDL: Automatic Prompt Optimization for LLM Agentscited by 27
- 2026Adaptive Auto-Harness: Sustained Self-Improvement for Agentic System Deployment on Open-Ended Task Streamscited by 27
- 2024One Prompt is not Enough: Automated Construction of a Mixture-of-Expert Promptscited by 16
- 2026JTPRO: A Joint Tool-Prompt Reflective Optimization Framework for Language Agentscited by 4
- 2026Optimizing Prompts for Large Language Models: A Causal Approachcited by 3
- 2026Reflection in the Dark: Exposing and Escaping the Black Box in Reflective Prompt Optimizationcited by 3
- 2026Reflective Prompt Tuning through Language Model Function-Callingcited by 1
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