mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

When Does the Concept of "Dog" Emerge in an Audio LLM?

arXiv 2609.33458 ↗First posted 27 Sep 2026cs.AIcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

Multimodal large language models answer audio questions, but how they represent auditory semantics and use them in decisions remains unclear, limiting our understanding of response formation. We study dog barking in Qwen2.5-Omni-7B using Jacobian lens (J-lens) readout and directional interventions. We define the dog direction as a J-lens-derived hidden-state vector associated with dog; adding or removing its component modulates dog-related information. We find this information decodable without dog/bark prompt cues or animal-identification requirements. Directional interventions change response tendencies and some final answers, with effects concentrated in late-layer states immediately before generation across species classification, vocalization classification, and sound description. The dog direction shows no comparable advantage over controls in animal/other classification. These results provide causal-intervention evidence that the dog direction affects output scores in a task-dependent manner, most consistently at L22 and L24 immediately before generation.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 5 of its 19 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 27 Sep 2026.

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5 of 19 references.

References · 5

  1. 2016Understanding intermediate layers using linear classifier probescited by 1,353
  2. 2023Steering Language Models With Activation Engineeringcited by 922
  3. 2025Qwen2.5-Omni Technical Reportcited by 736
  4. 2019Designing and Interpreting Probes with Control Taskscited by 640
  5. 2026Verbalizable Representations Form a Global Workspace in Language Modelscited by 75

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  3. 2026RAIL: Rethinking Auditory Intelligence in Large Audio-Language Models with a CHC-Grounded Benchmark
  4. 2026All That Glitters Is Not Audio: Rethinking Text Priors and Audio Reliance in Audio-Language Evaluation
  5. 2026Continuous Audio Thinking for Large Audio Language Models
  6. 2026Do Audio LLMs Listen or Read? Analyzing and Mitigating Paralinguistic Failures with VoxParadox
  7. 2026SonicBench: Dissecting the Physical Perception Bottleneck in Large Audio Language Models
  8. 2026From Senses to Decisions: The Information Flow of Auditory and Visual Perception in Multimodal LLMs