mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Script Choice in LLMs: Evidence for Late-Layer Commitment

arXiv 2609.28784 ↗First posted 23 Sep 2026cs.CLcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

In this paper, we investigate how script knowledge is distributed across the layers of LLMs using two complementary interpretability methods: logistic regression probing and logit-lens analysis. Our probing experiments reveal a clear asymmetry: both the input script and the instructed output script are encoded in the earliest layers of the network, while, in contrast, commitment to the actual output script emerges only in the final layers, with the model's intermediate representations defaulting to Latin throughout most of the layers. This two-stage process is confirmed by logit-lens analyses, which show that script commitment consistently occurs at the very last layers of the LLMs. Together with the weaker script-following performance observed in smaller models, these results form a converging body of evidence linking script commitment to model depth, with broader implications for the design of sufficiently deep, inclusive multilingual architectures.

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References · 12

  1. 2016Understanding intermediate layers using linear classifier probescited by 1,279
  2. 2019BERT Rediscovers the Classical NLP Pipelinecited by 1,046
  3. 2021Probing Classifiers: Promises, Shortcomings, and Advancescited by 831
  4. 2019Designing and Interpreting Probes with Control Taskscited by 608
  5. 2018Dissecting Contextual Word Embeddings: Architecture and Representationcited by 146
  6. 2024Not All Layers of LLMs Are Necessary During Inferencecited by 95
  7. 2024Exploring Multilingual Probing in Large Language Models: A Cross-Language Analysiscited by 11
  8. 2025RomanLens: The Role Of Latent Romanization In Multilinguality In LLMscited by 11
  9. 2024Extracting Paragraphs from LLM Token Activationscited by 9
  10. 2026LinguaMap: Which Layers of LLMs Speak Your Language and How to Tune Them?cited by 3
  11. 2025ParaScopes: What do Language Models Activations Encode About Future Text?cited by 2
  12. 2026LLM Layers Immediately Correct Each Othercited by 2

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