mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

What Does Chain-of-Thought Entropy Measure? A Channel Audit of Scaffolding, Routing, and Content

arXiv 2609.25039 ↗First posted 26 Aug 2026stat.ML cs.IT cs.LGcited by 0

On the map: LLM reasoning → Prompting and chain-of-thought reasoning

Abstract (arXiv)

Entropy over chain-of-thought tokens decides which tokens receive the policy gradient, which get pruned, and whether a run has collapsed, yet each such statistic reads a next-token distribution mixing three choices: whether to emit connective scaffolding, which connective, and what the substantive continuation should be. Designating a scaffold vocabulary subset separates the three, exactly, for entropy, Kullback--Leibler divergence, and the first-order entropy velocity of a softmax policy. We prove the raw and content conventions disagree about which position is the larger fork on an explicit open region, and bound answer diversity by the content channel plus a leakage term a measured witness certifies. Across twenty-three configurations the scaffold side carries up to 41% of the raw high-entropy set; on a matched-tokenizer ladder, coupling changes only at the math-corpus step while the scaffold's entropy share keeps growing through distillation; a closed-form forecast from one channel correlation tracks selection retention over a 54-point range to five points, unfitted. On compression, the content convention beats raw surprisal in every cell; an answer-leakage audit then corrects our own headline control: re-fed chains earn a quarter to a half of their accuracy from restated answers, and once stripped, no token scorer beats a random contiguous block.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Prompting and chain-of-thought reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 20 of its 53 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Aug 2026.

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20 of 53 references.

Closest ancestors · 5

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2026Tailoring Teaching to Aptitude: Direction-Adaptive Self-Distillation for LLM Reasoning21 May
  2. 2026The Last Word Often Wins: A Format Confound in Chain-of-Thought Corruption Studies11 May
  3. 2025Thought Anchors: Which LLM Reasoning Steps Matter?23 Jun
  4. 2025EPiC: Towards Lossless Speedup for Reasoning Training through Edge-Preserving CoT Condensation4 Jun
  5. 2024Let's Think Dot by Dot: Hidden Computation in Transformer Language Models24 Apr

Other references · 15

  1. 2021Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problemscited by 10,109
  2. 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 9,379
  3. 2025DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learningcited by 6,330
  4. 2021Measuring Mathematical Problem Solving With the MATH Datasetcited by 5,371
  5. 2023Semantic Uncertainty: Linguistic Invariances for Uncertainty Estimation in Natural Language Generationcited by 819
  6. 2025SimpleRL-Zoo: Investigating and Taming Zero Reinforcement Learning for Open Base Models in the Wildcited by 511
  7. 2025The Entropy Mechanism of Reinforcement Learning for Reasoning Language Modelscited by 485
  8. 2025The Invisible Leash: Why RLVR May or May Not Escape Its Origincited by 97
  9. 2025Decomposing the Entropy-Performance Exchange: The Missing Keys to Unlocking Effective Reinforcement Learningcited by 21
  10. 2026Where does output diversity collapse in post-training?cited by 11
  11. 2026On the Invariants of Softmax Attentioncited by 3
  12. 2026Shorthand for Thought: Compressing LLM Reasoning via Entropy-Guided Supertokenscited by 2
3 more
  1. 2026On the Limits of Learned Importance Scoring for KV Cache Compressioncited by 1
  2. 2026Demystifying Entropy-based Selection for Chain-of-Thought Compression in Large Reasoning Modelscited by 1
  3. 2026Which Question Is Your Attention Metric Answering? Attention Rows as Compositional Datacited by 1

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Not cited yet.

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  1. 2026Unveiling the Entropy Dynamics of Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
  2. 2026The Coupling Tax: How Shared Token Budgets Undermine Visible Chain-of-Thought Under Fixed Output Limits
  3. 2026On the Cost and Benefit of Chain of Thought: A Learning-Theoretic Perspective
  4. 2026ETR: Entropy Trend Reward for Efficient Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
  5. 2026When Do LLMs Reason? A Dynamical Systems View via Entropy Phase Transitions
  6. 2026Token Budget Saturation and Mechanistic Early Detection of Reasoning Non-Convergence in Chain-of-Thought Models
  7. 2025Making Slow Thinking Faster: Compressing LLM Chain-of-Thought via Step Entropy
  8. 2025Continuous Chain of Thought Enables Parallel Exploration and Reasoning