Robust Dual-Regularized Variable Selection under Outlier Contamination

Real data often contain unusual observations that can exert disproportionate effects on variable selection, especially in complex predictor settings. We propose a two-stage it sparse median outer product of gradients (smOPG) method for variable selection in single index models with outlier contamination. We first estimate sparse local gradients via (ℓ1)-penalized local median regression and then recover the active predictor set from a rank-one sparse approximation of the resulting gradient matrix using regularized singular value decomposition. The combination of median regression and local weighting provides robustness to both response outliers and leverage points. Extensive simulations across varying dimensions and contamination mechanisms demonstrate the favorable variable selection performance of smOPG relative to existing methods. Applications to air pollution and genomic data demonstrate practical utility, while theory establishes active-set recovery without requiring selection consistency of individual local regressions.