RoguePrompt: Dual-Layer Encoding for Self-Reconstruction to Circumvent LLM Moderation
On the map: LLM safety and security → Jailbreaking
Abstract (arXiv)
Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly integrated into mainstream development platforms and daily technological workflows, typically behind moderation and safety controls. Despite these controls, preventing prompt-based policy evasion remains challenging, and adversaries continue to "jailbreak" LLMs by crafting prompts that circumvent implemented safety mechanisms. Prior work has established cipher-mediated interaction, code-embedded decryption, prompt decomposition and reconstruction, and layered custom encryption as viable attack primitives. However, reported evaluations generally collapse visible acceptance, successful recovery of the concealed request, and subsequent execution into an aggregate attack-success outcome. This leaves limited evidence about where multistage prompt-transformation attacks fail within an observable black-box interaction. This paper introduces RoguePrompt, a jailbreak pipeline that partitions a forbidden prompt and applies two nested encodings, Vigenere followed by ROT13, along with natural-language reconstruction instructions. RoguePrompt was developed and evaluated under a black-box threat model, with only API or user-interface access to the hosted models, and was tested on 313 real-world, hard-rejected prompts. Success was measured in terms of moderation bypass, instruction reconstruction, and execution when the relevant stage exceeded its automated criterion. RoguePrompt achieved average rates of 93.93% for filter bypass, 79.02% for reconstruction, and 70.18% for execution. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of layered prompt encoding while providing stage-level evidence of where multistage jailbreaks fail during moderation bypass, instruction reconstruction, and execution.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Jailbreaking, one of 12 directions in LLM safety and security. Builds on 16 of its 33 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Jul 2026.
Builds on
16 of 33 references.
Closest ancestors · 5
Same direction, newest first
- 2025TwinBreak: Jailbreaking LLM Security Alignments based on Twin Prompts9 Jun
- 2024Mind the Inconspicuous: Revealing the Hidden Weakness in Aligned LLMs' Refusal Boundaries31 May
- 2024When "Competency" in Reasoning Opens the Door to Vulnerability: Jailbreaking LLMs via Novel Complex Ciphers16 Feb
- 2023GPT-4 Is Too Smart To Be Safe: Stealthy Chat with LLMs via Cipher12 Aug
- 2023Jailbreaking ChatGPT via Prompt Engineering: An Empirical Study23 May
Other references · 11
- 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,971
- 2022Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedbackcited by 3,050
- 2020RealToxicityPrompts: Evaluating Neural Toxic Degeneration in Language Modelscited by 1,255
- 2023Prompt Injection attack against LLM-integrated Applicationscited by 605
- 2024StruQ: Defending Against Prompt Injection with Structured Queriescited by 375
- 2023Exploiting Programmatic Behavior of LLMs: Dual-Use Through Standard Security Attackscited by 278
- 2018The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence: Forecasting, Prevention, and Mitigationcited by 165
- 2024jina-embeddings-v3: Multilingual Embeddings With Task LoRAcited by 141
- 2024PLeak: Prompt Leaking Attacks against Large Language Model Applicationscited by 127
- 2017Deceiving Google's Perspective API Built for Detecting Toxic Commentscited by 102
- 2024Enhancing Prompt Injection Attacks to LLMs via Poisoning Alignmentcited by 21
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- 2025RoguePrompt: Dual-Layer Ciphering for Self-Reconstruction to Circumvent LLM Moderation
- 2024All in How You Ask for It: Simple Black-Box Method for Jailbreak Attacks
- 2024Stealthy Jailbreak Attacks on Large Language Models via Benign Data Mirroring
- 2026Analysis of LLMs Against Prompt Injection and Jailbreak Attacks
- 2026Exploring and Developing a Pre-Model Safeguard with Draft Models
- 2024Systematically Analyzing Prompt Injection Vulnerabilities in Diverse LLM Architectures
- 2024Multi-round jailbreak attack on large language models
- 2025SecurityLingua: Efficient Defense of LLM Jailbreak Attacks via Security-Aware Prompt Compression