LCMamNet: A Lightweight Cross-scale Mamba Network for Infrared Small Target Detection

Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) is important for low-altitude perception, unmanned-system warning, and security monitoring. However, weak targets in infrared imagery usually occupy only a few pixels and are easily submerged by cloud clutter, ground edges, and bright noise, making it difficult for lightweight segmentation-based methods to preserve local target structures while suppressing background interference. To address these challenges, we propose LCMamNet, a lightweight cross-scale Mamba network that progressively enhances local target structures, interacts cross-scale context in a latent space, and restores spatial details with background suppression. Specifically, a compact hierarchical encoder with cross-shaped directional bottleneck residual (CDBR) blocks strengthens direction-sensitive target structures under a small computation budget. A latent dense cross-scale fusion (LDCF) module then performs dense all-level interaction through bidirectional Mamba modeling and reorganizes the interacted features into stable hierarchical semantics. Finally, a progressive decoder selectively recovers shallow spatial details while suppressing irrelevant background textures. Extensive experiments on IRSTD-1k, NUAA-SIRST, and NUDT-SIRST show that the proposed network achieves mIoU scores of 71.25%, 79.60%, and 95.58%, respectively, with only 1.175M parameters and 6.91 GFLOPs. It also runs with a mean inference latency of 6.62 ms, and deployment results on an NVIDIA Jetson Orin NX 16G SUPER further demonstrate its practical potential for real-time edge inference. The code and checkpoints are publicly available at https://github.com/Haoyu096/LCMamNet.