SelfMem: Self-Optimizing Memory for AI Agents
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Abstract (arXiv)
While current AI agents support increasingly long context windows, tool use, and skill execution for long-horizon tasks, they still require memory systems to effectively leverage historical experience. Existing memory frameworks typically rely on fixed storage, retrieval, and summarization mechanisms, which can be rigid across different tasks and often require manual tuning. To address this limitation, we propose SelfMem, a self-optimizing memory framework. Inspired by prior work on self-improving AI, we follow the principle of "teaching an agent to fish rather than giving it a fish." Instead of forcing the model to follow a predefined memory strategy or format, SelfMem provides an environment with memory tools and feedback signals that allow the agent to explore, evaluate, and refine its own memory strategy. Our results show that SelfMem consistently outperforms retrieval, compression, and agent-memory baselines on BEAM across conversation scales from 100K to 1M tokens. Compared with the strongest baseline, SelfMem improves the official score by 48.7%, 40.8%, and 41.9% at 100K, 500K, and 1M, respectively. Further question-type analysis shows broad robustness across diverse memory demands, and our optimization study shows that model-guided strategy refinement further improves performance.
Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 16 of its 31 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Jul 2026.
Builds on
16 of 31 references.
References · 16
- 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,297
- 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,695
- 2023Toolformer: Language Models Can Teach Themselves to Use Toolscited by 4,182
- 2023Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behaviorcited by 3,568
- 2023Lost in the Middle: How Language Models Use Long Contextscited by 3,455
- 2023Self-Refine: Iterative Refinement with Self-Feedbackcited by 3,442
- 2023Self-RAG: Learning to Retrieve, Generate, and Critique through Self-Reflectioncited by 1,839
- 2023LongBench: A Bilingual, Multitask Benchmark for Long Context Understandingcited by 1,417
- 2025A-MEM: Agentic Memory for LLM Agentscited by 1,063
- 2024Evaluating Very Long-Term Conversational Memory of LLM Agentscited by 830
- 2024LongMemEval: Benchmarking Chat Assistants on Long-Term Interactive Memorycited by 707
- 2023Automatic Prompt Optimization with "Gradient Descent" and Beam Searchcited by 653
4 more
- 2026Terminal-Bench: Benchmarking Agents on Hard, Realistic Tasks in Command Line Interfacescited by 585
- 2023Language Agent Tree Search Unifies Reasoning Acting and Planning in Language Modelscited by 574
- 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contextscited by 146
- 2025Beyond a Million Tokens: Benchmarking and Enhancing Long-Term Memory in LLMscited by 60
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 2.
2 papers.