Start Right, Arrive Right: Asynchronous Execution via Initial Noise Selection
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Abstract (arXiv)
Action chunking enables robot policies to produce temporally coherent behavior, but generating multi-step action sequences with flow-based policies incurs latency that is incompatible with real-time control. Under asynchronous execution, the robot continues executing the current chunk while the next one is generated, causing even minor delays to create inconsistencies at chunk boundaries. Existing methods address this problem by steering generation toward the already executed action prefix. We instead show that prefix consistency can be achieved by selecting an appropriate initial noise before generation begins, allowing the unmodified flow ODE to produce a coherent next chunk. This establishes initial-noise selection as a complementary approach to gradient-based asynchronous execution. We introduce PAINT, a training-free method that finds this noise via backward Euler inversion and constructs the final chunk through a repainting rule. In summary, textttPAINT requires no gradients, retraining, or policy modification; and achieves task performance comparable to RTC while improving prefix consistency across textit12 simulated benchmarks and textit6 real-world manipulation tasks spanning single-arm, bimanual, and humanoid embodiments. Project site is available at: ~hrefhttps://paint-action-chunking.github.iotexttthttps://paint-action-chunking.github.io.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 18 Jun 2026.
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 4.
4 papers.
- 2026FutureRTC: Real-Time Robot Execution with Anticipatory-Conditioned Action Chunkingcited by 10
- 2026FBFM: A Training-Free Asynchronous Feedback Mechanism for Flow-Matching in World-Action Models Executioncited by 3
- 2026GROOVE: Geometry-Guided Reduction of Operational-Space Jerk in VLA Executioncited by 1
- 2026Reactive Real-Time Flow Policies via Asynchronous Distribution Alignmentcited by 0
- 2026Reactive Real-Time Flow Policies via Asynchronous Distribution Alignment29 Sep 2026
- 2026GROOVE: Geometry-Guided Reduction of Operational-Space Jerk in VLA Execution12 Sep 2026
- 2026FBFM: A Training-Free Asynchronous Feedback Mechanism for Flow-Matching in World-Action Models Execution31 Jul 2026
- 2026FutureRTC: Real-Time Robot Execution with Anticipatory-Conditioned Action Chunking27 Jul 2026