optimize_anything: A Universal API for Optimizing any Text Parameter
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Abstract (arXiv)
Can a single LLM-based optimization system match specialized tools across fundamentally different domains? We show that when optimization problems are formulated as improving a text artifact evaluated by a scoring function, a single AI-based optimization system-supporting single-task search, multi-task search with cross-problem transfer, and generalization to unseen inputs-achieves state-of-the-art results across six diverse tasks. Our system discovers agent architectures that nearly triple Gemini Flash's ARC-AGI accuracy (32.5% to 89.5%), finds scheduling algorithms that cut cloud costs by 40%, generates CUDA kernels where 87% match or beat PyTorch, and outperforms AlphaEvolve's reported circle packing solution (n=26). Ablations across three domains reveal that actionable side information yields faster convergence and substantially higher final scores than score-only feedback, and that multi-task search outperforms independent optimization given equivalent per-problem budget through cross-task transfer, with benefits scaling with the number of related tasks. Together, we show for the first time that text optimization with LLM-based search is a general-purpose problem-solving paradigm, unifying tasks traditionally requiring domain-specific algorithms under a single framework. We open-source optimizeanything with support for multiple backends as part of the GEPA project at https://github.com/gepa-ai/gepa .
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 11 of its 36 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 19 May 2026.
Builds on
11 of 36 references.
References · 11
- 2023Reflexion: Language Agents with Verbal Reinforcement Learningcited by 4,064
- 2023Self-Refine: Iterative Refinement with Self-Feedbackcited by 3,317
- 2019Optuna: A Next-generation Hyperparameter Optimization Frameworkcited by 2,455
- 2022Large Language Models Are Human-Level Prompt Engineerscited by 1,020
- 2023Automatic Prompt Optimization with "Gradient Descent" and Beam Searchcited by 628
- 2023Promptbreeder: Self-Referential Self-Improvement Via Prompt Evolutioncited by 521
- 2025GEPA: Reflective Prompt Evolution Can Outperform Reinforcement Learningcited by 449
- 2024Optimizing Instructions and Demonstrations for Multi-Stage Language Model Programscited by 270
- 2025ShinkaEvolve: Towards Open-Ended And Sample-Efficient Program Evolutioncited by 146
- 2023EvoPrompting: Language Models for Code-Level Neural Architecture Searchcited by 129
- 2025Barbarians at the Gate: How AI is Upending Systems Researchcited by 48
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 4.
4 papers.
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- 2026Initialization Improves LLM-Driven Discovery30 Sep 2026
- 2026Recursive self-improvement of AI research agents22 Sep 2026
- 2026Reasoning Jury: Multi-Model Consensus for Evaluating Reasoning Traces12 Aug 2026
- 2026RHO: Your Coding Agent is Secretly a Roboticist15 Jun 2026