FrameSkip: Learning from Fewer but More Informative Frames in VLA Training
On the map: Vision-language-action models → Human-video and latent-action pretraining
Abstract (arXiv)
Vision-Language-Action (VLA) policies are commonly trained from dense robot demonstration trajectories, often collected through teleoperation, by sampling every recorded frame as if it provided equally useful supervision. We argue that this convention creates a temporal supervision imbalance: long low-change segments dominate the training stream, while manipulation-critical transitions such as alignment, contact, grasping, and release appear only sparsely. We introduce FrameSkip, a data-layer frame selection framework that scores trajectory frames using action variation, visual-action coherence, task-progress priors, and gripper-transition preservation, then remaps training samples toward high-importance frames under a target retention ratio. Because FrameSkip operates only in the dataloader, it leaves the VLA architecture, action head, training objective, and inference procedure unchanged. Across RoboCasa-GR1, SimplerEnv, and LIBERO, FrameSkip improves the success-retention trade-off over full-frame training and simpler frame selection variants, achieving a macro-average success rate of 76.15% across the three benchmarks compared with 66.50% for full-frame training while using a compressed trajectory view that retains 20% of unique frames in the main setting.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Human-video and latent-action pretraining, one of 13 directions in Vision-language-action models. Builds on 23 of its 28 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 May 2026.
Builds on
23 of 28 references.
References · 23
- 2025π0.5: a Vision-Language-Action Model with Open-World Generalizationcited by 1,653
- 2024Octo: An Open-Source Generalist Robot Policycited by 1,427
- 2023LIBERO: Benchmarking Knowledge Transfer for Lifelong Robot Learningcited by 1,338
- 2019ZeRO: Memory Optimizations Toward Training Trillion Parameter Modelscited by 1,278
- 2025GR00T N1: An Open Foundation Model for Generalist Humanoid Robotscited by 1,167
- 2025Fine-Tuning Vision-Language-Action Models: Optimizing Speed and Successcited by 844
- 2025SpatialVLA: Exploring Spatial Representations for Visual-Language-Action Modelcited by 502
- 2024Evaluating Real-World Robot Manipulation Policies in Simulationcited by 484
- 2024CogACT: A Foundational Vision-Language-Action Model for Synergizing Cognition and Action in Robotic Manipulationcited by 411
- 2024RoboCasa: Large-Scale Simulation of Everyday Tasks for Generalist Robotscited by 391
- 2025ThinkAct: Vision-Language-Action Reasoning via Reinforced Visual Latent Planningcited by 152
- 2025ChatVLA: Unified Multimodal Understanding and Robot Control with Vision-Language-Action Modelcited by 112
11 more
- 2026VLA-JEPA: Enhancing Vision-Language-Action Model with Latent World Modelcited by 104
- 2026StarVLA: A Lego-like Codebase for Vision-Language-Action Model Developingcited by 103
- 2026ABot-M0: VLA Foundation Model for Robotic Manipulation with Action Manifold Learningcited by 94
- 2025F1: A Vision-Language-Action Model Bridging Understanding and Generation to Actionscited by 85
- 2025InternVLA-M1: A Spatially Guided Vision-Language-Action Framework for Generalist Robot Policycited by 83
- 2025VideoVLA: Video Generators Can Be Generalizable Robot Manipulatorscited by 61
- 2025Robot Data Curation with Mutual Information Estimatorscited by 34
- 2026LangForce: Bayesian Decomposition of Vision Language Action Models via Latent Action Queriescited by 24
- 2026TwinBrainVLA: Unleashing the Potential of Generalist VLMs for Embodied Tasks via Asymmetric Mixture-of-Transformerscited by 14
- 2025PhysBrain: Human Egocentric Data as a Bridge from Vision Language Models to Physical Intelligencecited by 10
- 2026TGM-VLA: Task-Guided Mixup for Sampling-Efficient and Robust Robotic Manipulationcited by 3
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 6.
6 papers.
- 2026KEMO: Event-Driven Keyframe Memory for Long-Horizon Robot Manipulation with VLA Policiescited by 5
- 2026ATHENA: Accelerated Multi-Task Heterogeneous Influence Functions for Robot Data Curationcited by 1
- 2026CometVLA: Co-Training on an Embodied Data Pyramid towards Physical Understandingcited by 1
- 2026SIEVE: Structure-Aware Data Selection for Imitation Learning with VLA Modelscited by 0
- 2026JPO: Juris Policy Optimization for Structured Legal Reasoning in Criminal Judgment Predictioncited by 0
- 2026PhysBrain 1.5: From Vision-Language Models to Physical Foundation Modelscited by 0
- 2026PhysBrain 1.5: From Vision-Language Models to Physical Foundation Models14 Sep 2026
- 2026CometVLA: Co-Training on an Embodied Data Pyramid towards Physical Understanding31 Aug 2026
- 2026JPO: Juris Policy Optimization for Structured Legal Reasoning in Criminal Judgment Prediction30 Aug 2026
- 2026SIEVE: Structure-Aware Data Selection for Imitation Learning with VLA Models7 Jul 2026
- 2026KEMO: Event-Driven Keyframe Memory for Long-Horizon Robot Manipulation with VLA Policies22 Jun 2026
- 2026ATHENA: Accelerated Multi-Task Heterogeneous Influence Functions for Robot Data Curation15 Jun 2026
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026Improving Vision-Language-Action Model Fine-Tuning with Structured Stage and Keyframe Supervision
- 2026VLA-ACL: Action-Consistent Visual Token Pruning for Efficient Vision-Language-Action Models
- 2025ContextVLA: Vision-Language-Action Model with Amortized Multi-Frame Context
- 2026Non-Markovian Long-Horizon Robot Manipulation via Keyframe Chaining
- 2026Learning to Accelerate Vision-Language-Action Models through Adaptive Visual Token Caching
- 2026Reducing Temporal Redundancy for Efficient Vision-Language-Action Inference
- 2026VISTA: Enhancing Visual Conditioning via Track-Following Preference Optimization in Vision-Language-Action Models
- 2025See Once, Then Act: Vision-Language-Action Model with Task Learning from One-Shot Video Demonstrations