mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Does "Do Differentiable Simulators Give Better Policy Gradients?'' Give Better Policy Gradients?

arXiv 2604.18161 ↗First posted 20 Apr 2026cs.LG cs.AI cs.ROcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

In policy gradient reinforcement learning, access to a differentiable model enables 1st-order gradient estimation that accelerates learning compared to relying solely on derivative-free 0th-order estimators. However, discontinuous dynamics cause bias and undermine the effectiveness of 1st-order estimators. Prior work addressed this bias by constructing a confidence interval around the REINFORCE 0th-order gradient estimator and using these bounds to detect discontinuities. However, the REINFORCE estimator is notoriously noisy, and we find that this method requires task-specific hyperparameter tuning and has low sample efficiency. This paper asks whether such bias is the primary obstacle and what minimal fixes suffice. First, we re-examine standard discontinuous settings from prior work and introduce DDCG, a lightweight test that switches estimators in nonsmooth regions; with a single hyperparameter, DDCG achieves robust performance and remains reliable with small samples. Second, on differentiable robotics control tasks, we present IVW-H, a per-step inverse-variance implementation that stabilizes variance without explicit discontinuity detection and yields strong results. Together, these findings indicate that while estimator switching improves robustness in controlled studies, careful variance control often dominates in practical deployments.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 15 of its 28 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Apr 2026.

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References · 15

  1. 2015Variational Dropout and the Local Reparameterization Trickcited by 489
  2. 2021Brax -- A Differentiable Physics Engine for Large Scale Rigid Body Simulationcited by 375
  3. 2015Gradient Estimation Using Stochastic Computation Graphscited by 120
  4. 2022Accelerated Policy Learning with Parallel Differentiable Simulationcited by 92
  5. 2022Do Differentiable Simulators Give Better Policy Gradients?cited by 83
  6. 2020NeuralSim: Augmenting Differentiable Simulators with Neural Networkscited by 77
  7. 2019A Theoretical and Empirical Comparison of Gradient Approximations in Derivative-Free Optimizationcited by 66
  8. 2019PIPPS: Flexible Model-Based Policy Search Robust to the Curse of Chaoscited by 56
  9. 2021Fast and Feature-Complete Differentiable Physics for Articulated Rigid Bodies with Contactcited by 50
  10. 2018Variance reduction properties of the reparameterization trickcited by 41
  11. 2019Provable Gradient Variance Guarantees for Black-Box Variational Inferencecited by 21
  12. 2024Stabilizing Reinforcement Learning in Differentiable Multiphysics Simulationcited by 14
3 more
  1. 2021A unified view of likelihood ratio and reparameterization gradientscited by 12
  2. 2018Reparameterization Gradient for Non-differentiable Modelscited by 11
  3. 2023Gradient Informed Proximal Policy Optimizationcited by 8

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