mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

MARS: Enabling Autoregressive Models Multi-Token Generation

arXiv 2604.07023 ↗First posted 8 Apr 2026cs.CLcited by 0

On the map: Efficient LLM inference and serving → Speculative decoding

Abstract (arXiv)

Autoregressive (AR) language models generate text one token at a time, even when consecutive tokens are highly predictable given earlier context. We introduce MARS (Mask AutoRegreSsion), a lightweight fine-tuning method that teaches an instruction-tuned AR model to predict multiple tokens per forward pass. MARS adds no architectural modifications, no extra parameters, and produces a single model that can still be called exactly like the original AR model with no performance degradation. Unlike speculative decoding, which maintains a separate draft model alongside the target, or multi-head approaches such as Medusa, which attach additional prediction heads, MARS requires only continued training on existing instruction data. When generating one token per forward pass, MARS matches or exceeds the AR baseline on six standard benchmarks. When allowed to accept multiple tokens per step, it maintains baseline-level accuracy while achieving 1.5-1.7x throughput. We further develop a block-level KV caching strategy for batch inference, achieving up to 1.71x wall-clock speedup over AR with KV cache on Qwen2.5-7B. Finally, MARS supports real-time speed adjustment via confidence thresholding: under high request load, the serving system can increase throughput on the fly without swapping models or restarting, providing a practical latency-quality knob for deployment.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Speculative decoding, one of 12 directions in Efficient LLM inference and serving. Builds on 30 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Apr 2026.

Builds on

30 of 34 references.

Closest ancestors · 7

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025Self Speculative Decoding for Diffusion Large Language Models5 Oct
  2. 2024CLLMs: Consistency Large Language Models28 Feb
  3. 2024Break the Sequential Dependency of LLM Inference Using Lookahead Decoding3 Feb
  4. 2024EAGLE: Speculative Sampling Requires Rethinking Feature Uncertainty26 Jan
  5. 2024Medusa: Simple LLM Inference Acceleration Framework with Multiple Decoding Heads19 Jan
  6. 2023Accelerating Large Language Model Decoding with Speculative Sampling2 Feb
  7. 2022Fast Inference from Transformers via Speculative Decoding30 Nov

Other references · 23

  1. 2021Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problemscited by 9,743
  2. 2021Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Codecited by 8,053
  3. 2023GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmarkcited by 2,748
  4. 2022Challenging BIG-Bench Tasks and Whether Chain-of-Thought Can Solve Themcited by 1,767
  5. 2021Structured Denoising Diffusion Models in Discrete State-Spacescited by 1,665
  6. 2023Instruction-Following Evaluation for Large Language Modelscited by 1,143
  7. 2022Diffusion-LM Improves Controllable Text Generationcited by 1,006
  8. 2025Large Language Diffusion Modelscited by 872
  9. 2024Simple and Effective Masked Diffusion Language Modelscited by 800
  10. 2023Discrete Diffusion Modeling by Estimating the Ratios of the Data Distributioncited by 712
  11. 2024Simplified and Generalized Masked Diffusion for Discrete Datacited by 606
  12. 2025Dream 7B: Diffusion Large Language Modelscited by 515
11 more
  1. 2017Non-Autoregressive Neural Machine Translationcited by 457
  2. 2025Fast-dLLM: Training-free Acceleration of Diffusion LLM by Enabling KV Cache and Parallel Decodingcited by 404
  3. 2025Block Diffusion: Interpolating Between Autoregressive and Diffusion Language Modelscited by 385
  4. 2024Better & Faster Large Language Models via Multi-token Predictioncited by 344
  5. 2024Discrete Flow Matchingcited by 301
  6. 2024Scaling Diffusion Language Models via Adaptation from Autoregressive Modelscited by 268
  7. 2024Accelerating Auto-regressive Text-to-Image Generation with Training-free Speculative Jacobi Decodingcited by 65
  8. 2025Efficient-DLM: From Autoregressive to Diffusion Language Models, and Beyond in Speedcited by 30
  9. 2026Auto-Regressive Masked Diffusion Modelscited by 4
  10. 2026Autoregressive Models Rival Diffusion Models at ANY-ORDER Generationcited by 3
  11. 2026Causal Autoregressive Diffusion Language Modelcited by 3

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  3. 2025Parallel Token Prediction for Language Models
  4. 2024Beyond Autoregression: Fast LLMs via Self-Distillation Through Time
  5. 2023SkipDecode: Autoregressive Skip Decoding with Batching and Caching for Efficient LLM Inference
  6. 2026K-Forcing: Joint Next-K-Token Decoding via Push-Forward Language Modeling
  7. 2026Multi-Token Prediction via Self-Distillation
  8. 2026Orthrus: Memory-Efficient Parallel Token Generation via Dual-View Diffusion