Foundry: Template-Based CUDA Graph Context Materialization for Fast LLM Serving Cold Start
On the map: Efficient LLM inference and serving → Serving systems and request scheduling
Abstract (arXiv)
Modern LLM service providers increasingly rely on autoscaling and parallelism reconfiguration to respond to rapidly changing workloads, but cold-start latency remains a major bottleneck. While recent systems have reduced model weight loading to seconds, CUDA graph capture still takes tens of seconds to minutes and often dominates startup. Unfortunately, CUDA graphs cannot be naively serialized: beyond graph topology, they are tightly coupled to execution context, including device addresses embedded in kernel arguments and kernel code lazily loaded during warmup. Existing approaches either rely on brittle kernel-specific patching or heavyweight process-level checkpoint/restore that are inflexible to dynamic parallelism switching. We present Foundry, a template-based CUDA graph context materialization system that persists both graph topology and execution context during an offline processing stage, and reconstructs executable graphs online with negligible overhead. Foundry enforces deterministic memory layouts, automatically extracts and reloads kernel binaries required by captured graphs, and reduces online reconstruction costs through topology-based templating. For distributed serving, Foundry further enables a single-GPU offline capture to generate templates for multi-GPU deployments by patching only rank-dependent communication state. Across dense and MoE models up to 235B parameters, Foundry reduces cold-start latency by up to 99%, cutting the initialization time of Qwen3-235B-A22B from 10 minutes to 3.9 seconds while preserving the throughput gains of CUDA graphs.
Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Serving systems and request scheduling, one of 12 directions in Efficient LLM inference and serving. Builds on 24 of its 52 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Apr 2026.
Builds on
24 of 52 references.
Closest ancestors · 9
Same direction, newest first
- 2026FLYING SERVING: On-the-Fly Parallelism Switching for Large Language Model Serving26 Feb
- 2025WarmServe: Enabling One-for-Many GPU Prewarming for Multi-LLM Serving10 Dec
- 2025Prism: Cost-Efficient Multi-LLM Serving via GPU Memory Ballooning6 May
- 2025HydraServe: Minimizing Cold Start Latency for Serverless LLM Serving in Public Clouds21 Feb
- 2024vAttention: Dynamic Memory Management for Serving LLMs without PagedAttention7 May
- 2024LoongServe: Efficiently Serving Long-Context Large Language Models with Elastic Sequence Parallelism15 Apr
- 2024Taming Throughput-Latency Tradeoff in LLM Inference with Sarathi-Serve4 Mar
- 2024BurstGPT: A Real-world Workload Dataset to Optimize LLM Serving Systems31 Jan
- 2024DistServe: Disaggregating Prefill and Decoding for Goodput-optimized Large Language Model Serving18 Jan
Other references · 15
- 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,195
- 2023Efficient Memory Management for Large Language Model Serving with PagedAttentioncited by 5,767
- 2025Gemma 3 Technical Reportcited by 1,686
- 2025Insights into DeepSeek-V3: Scaling Challenges and Reflections on Hardware for AI Architecturescited by 38
- 2024BLITZSCALE: Fast and Live Large Model Autoscaling with O(1) Host Cachingcited by 23
- 2025DeepServe: Serverless Large Language Model Serving at Scalecited by 17
- 2025Expert-as-a-Service: Towards Efficient, Scalable, and Robust Large-scale MoE Servingcited by 13
- 2025Elastic MoE: Unlocking the Inference-Time Scalability of Mixture-of-Expertscited by 10
- 2025λScale: Enabling Fast Scaling for Serverless Large Language Model Inferencecited by 7
- 2024PhoenixOS: Concurrent OS-level GPU Checkpoint and Restore with Validated Speculationcited by 6
- 2024ConServe: Fine-Grained GPU Harvesting for LLM Online and Offline Co-Servingcited by 5
- 2025CRIUgpu: Transparent Checkpointing of GPU-Accelerated Workloadscited by 5
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.
1 paper.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
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- 2026Dynamic Flow, Static Graph: KV Cache Reuse for Efficient LLM Serving on Mobile NPUs