mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

On the "Causality" Step in Policy Gradient Derivations: A Pedagogical Reconciliation of Full Return and Reward-to-Go

arXiv 2604.04686 ↗First posted 6 Apr 2026cs.AIcited by 0

On the map: Deep reinforcement learning methods → Deep RL algorithms and representations

Abstract (arXiv)

In introductory presentations of policy gradients, one often derives the REINFORCE estimator using the full trajectory return and then states, by ``causality,'' that the full return may be replaced by the reward-to-go. Although this statement is correct, it is frequently presented at a level of rigor that leaves unclear where the past-reward terms disappear. This short paper isolates that step and gives a mathematically explicit derivation based on prefix trajectory distributions and the score-function identity. The resulting account does not change the estimator. Its contribution is conceptual: instead of presenting reward-to-go as a post hoc unbiased replacement for full return, it shows that reward-to-go arises directly once the objective is decomposed over prefix trajectories. In this formulation, the usual causality argument is recovered as a corollary of the derivation rather than as an additional heuristic principle.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Deep RL algorithms and representations, one of 15 directions in Deep reinforcement learning methods. Builds on 0 of its 4 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Apr 2026.

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