Predictive Regularization Against Visual Representation Degradation in Multimodal Large Language Models
On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → MLLM training and visual instruction tuning
Abstract (arXiv)
While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at vision-language tasks, the cost of their language-driven training on internal visual foundational competence remains unclear. In this paper, we conduct a detailed diagnostic analysis to unveil a pervasive issue: visual representation degradation in MLLMs. Specifically, we find that compared to the initial visual features, the visual representation in the middle layers of LLM exhibits both a degradation in global function and patch structure. We attribute this phenomenon to a visual sacrifice driven by the singular text-generation objective, where the model compromises its visual fidelity to optimize for answer generation. We argue that a robust MLLM requires both strong cross-modal reasoning and core visual competence, and propose Predictive Regularization (PRe) to force degraded intermediate features to predict initial visual features, thereby maintaining the inherent visual attributes of the MLLM's internal representations. Extensive experiments confirm that mitigating this visual degradation effectively boosts vision-language performance, underscoring the critical importance of fostering robust internal visual representations within MLLMs for comprehensive multimodal understanding.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in MLLM training and visual instruction tuning, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 30 of its 97 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 Mar 2026.
Builds on
30 of 97 references.
Closest ancestors · 3
Same direction, newest first
- 2024Reconstructive Visual Instruction Tuning12 Oct
- 2024Eagle: Exploring The Design Space for Multimodal LLMs with Mixture of Encoders28 Aug
- 2023From CLIP to DINO: Visual Encoders Shout in Multi-modal Large Language Models13 Oct
Other references · 27
- 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 15,215
- 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 14,132
- 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 9,379
- 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,820
- 2023DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervisioncited by 7,974
- 2018Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Codingcited by 7,777
- 2025DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learningcited by 6,330
- 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,587
- 2023Qwen Technical Reportcited by 3,344
- 2023Qwen-VL: A Versatile Vision-Language Model for Understanding, Localization, Text Reading, and Beyondcited by 2,224
- 2023Evaluating Object Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 1,729
- 2025InternVL3.5: Advancing Open-Source Multimodal Models in Versatility, Reasoning, and Efficiencycited by 1,510
15 more
- 2025SigLIP 2: Multilingual Vision-Language Encoders with Improved Semantic Understanding, Localization, and Dense Featurescited by 1,188
- 2024DeepSeek-V3 Technical Reportcited by 811
- 2023Multimodal Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Language Modelscited by 752
- 2025VLM-R1: A Stable and Generalizable R1-style Large Vision-Language Modelcited by 526
- 2025Visual-RFT: Visual Reinforcement Fine-Tuningcited by 513
- 2023OCRBench: On the Hidden Mystery of OCR in Large Multimodal Modelscited by 476
- 2025DeepEyes: Incentivizing "Thinking with Images" via Reinforcement Learningcited by 410
- 2023Analyzing and Mitigating Object Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 316
- 2025Multimodal Chain-of-Thought Reasoning: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 182
- 2025See What You Are Told: Visual Attention Sink in Large Multimodal Modelscited by 132
- 2024Towards Interpreting Visual Information Processing in Vision-Language Modelscited by 122
- 2024Self-Introspective Decoding: Alleviating Hallucinations for Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 94
- 2025Scaling Language-Free Visual Representation Learningcited by 66
- 2025A Glimpse to Compress: Dynamic Visual Token Pruning for Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 18
- 2025ToVE: Efficient Vision-Language Learning via Knowledge Transfer from Vision Expertscited by 5
Built on by
Not cited yet.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025Unleashing the Intrinsic Visual Representation Capability of Multimodal Large Language Models
- 2025Visual Representation Alignment for Multimodal Large Language Models
- 2025How Visual Representations Map to Language Feature Space in Multimodal LLMs
- 2025Perceiving Beyond Language Priors: Enhancing Visual Comprehension and Attention in Multimodal Models
- 2026How Far Are We from Removing the Visual Encoder? Scaling Laws for Encoder-Free Multimodal Pretraining
- 2025How Multimodal LLMs Solve Image Tasks: A Lens on Visual Grounding, Task Reasoning, and Answer Decoding
- 2025Seeing Beyond Words: Self-Supervised Visual Learning for Multimodal Large Language Models
- 2025Multimodal Language Models See Better When They Look Shallower