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RL unknotter, hard unknots and unknotting number

arXiv 2603.07955 ↗First posted 9 Mar 2026math.GT cs.LG stat.MLcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

We develop a reinforcement learning pipeline for simplifying knot diagrams. A trained agent learns move proposals and a value heuristic for navigating Reidemeister moves. The pipeline applies to arbitrary knots and links; we test it on ``very hard'' unknot diagrams and, using diagram inflation, on 41#910 where we investigate the recently established and surprising upper bound of three for the unknotting number. In addition, we explain a self-improving workbook-driven extension of the pipeline that systematically improves unknotting number upper bounds on the prime knots.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 5 of its 16 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Mar 2026.

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5 of 16 references.

References · 5

  1. 2024Big data approach to Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomialscited by 4
  2. 2025Big data comparison of quantum invariantscited by 3
  3. 2024The unknotting number, hard unknot diagrams, and reinforcement learningcited by 2
  4. 2025On detection probabilities of link invariantscited by 2
  5. 2025On knot detection via picture recognitioncited by 2

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