Autonomous Action Runtime Management(AARM):A System Specification for Securing AI-Driven Actions at Runtime
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Abstract (arXiv)
As artificial intelligence systems evolve from passive assistants into autonomous agents capable of executing consequential actions, the security boundary shifts from model outputs to tool execution. Traditional security paradigms - log aggregation, perimeter defense, and post-hoc forensics - cannot protect systems where AI-driven actions are irreversible, execute at machine speed, and originate from potentially compromised orchestration layers. This paper introduces Autonomous Action Runtime Management (AARM), an open specification for securing AI-driven actions at runtime. AARM defines a runtime security system that intercepts actions before execution, accumulates session context, evaluates against policy and intent alignment, enforces authorization decisions, and records tamper-evident receipts for forensic reconstruction. We formalize a threat model addressing prompt injection, confused deputy attacks, data exfiltration, and intent drift. We introduce an action classification framework distinguishing forbidden, context-dependent deny, and context-dependent allow actions. We propose four implementation architectures - protocol gateway, SDK instrumentation, kernel eBPF, and vendor integration - with distinct trust properties, and specify minimum conformance requirements for AARM-compliant systems. AARM is model-agnostic, framework-agnostic, and vendor-neutral, treating action execution as the stable security boundary. This specification aims to establish industry-wide requirements before proprietary fragmentation forecloses interoperability.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 15 of its 41 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Feb 2026.
Builds on
15 of 41 references.
References · 15
- 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,355
- 2023A Survey on Large Language Model based Autonomous Agentscited by 2,203
- 2023The Rise and Potential of Large Language Model Based Agents: A Surveycited by 1,422
- 2023Not what you've signed up for: Compromising Real-World LLM-Integrated Applications with Indirect Prompt Injectioncited by 1,339
- 2023Formalizing and Benchmarking Prompt Injection Attacks and Defensescited by 328
- 2024Agent AI: Surveying the Horizons of Multimodal Interactioncited by 167
- 2024The Landscape of Emerging AI Agent Architectures for Reasoning, Planning, and Tool Calling: A Surveycited by 164
- 2024AgentDojo: A Dynamic Environment to Evaluate Prompt Injection Attacks and Defenses for LLM Agentscited by 129
- 2024The Emerged Security and Privacy of LLM Agent: A Survey with Case Studiescited by 127
- 2024LLM Agents can Autonomously Exploit One-day Vulnerabilitiescited by 125
- 2025TRiSM for Agentic AI: A Review of Trust, Risk, and Security Management in LLM-based Agentic Multi-Agent Systemscited by 58
- 2021The Flaws of Policies Requiring Human Oversight of Government Algorithmscited by 44
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 5.
5 papers.
- 2026The Evolution of Tool Use in LLM Agents: From Single-Tool Call to Multi-Tool Orchestrationcited by 11
- 2026OpenKedge: Governing Agentic Mutation with Execution-Bound Safety and Evidence Chainscited by 4
- 2026When Routine Chats Turn Toxic: Unintended Long-Term State Poisoning in Personalized Agentscited by 1
- 2026EvoUndo: Recoverability-Constrained Self-Evolution for LLM Agent Harnessescited by 0
- 2026Janus: Evidence-Before-Effect Sagas and Offline-Verifiable Provenance for Agentic LLMscited by 0
- 2026Janus: Evidence-Before-Effect Sagas and Offline-Verifiable Provenance for Agentic LLMs29 Sep 2026
- 2026EvoUndo: Recoverability-Constrained Self-Evolution for LLM Agent Harnesses28 Aug 2026
- 2026When Routine Chats Turn Toxic: Unintended Long-Term State Poisoning in Personalized Agents7 May 2026
- 2026OpenKedge: Governing Agentic Mutation with Execution-Bound Safety and Evidence Chains7 Apr 2026
- 2026The Evolution of Tool Use in LLM Agents: From Single-Tool Call to Multi-Tool Orchestration24 Mar 2026