mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Models Know Models Best: Evaluation via Model-Preferred Formats

arXiv 2601.22699 ↗First posted 30 Jan 2026cs.CLcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

Performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on multiple-choice tasks differs markedly between symbol-based and cloze-style evaluation formats. The observed discrepancies are systematically attributable to task characteristics: natural language continuation benefits from likelihood scoring, whereas explicit comparison is better suited to symbol-based selection. These trends are consistent across various decoder-based LLMs, indicating model-agnostic effects. To address these inconsistencies, a dynamic format-alignment strategy is introduced that employs a lightweight classifier trained on latent model-preference signals. In contrast to human-designed heuristics, which often degrade performance, this approach uses model-generated signals to determine the optimal format for each problem instance. The proposed method achieves substantial and consistent improvements in zero-shot accuracy across reasoning and knowledge benchmarks, better revealing the models' latent capabilities.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 26 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Jan 2026.

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References · 26

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14 more
  1. 2021Fantastically Ordered Prompts and Where to Find Them: Overcoming Few-Shot Prompt Order Sensitivitycited by 1,122
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  14. 2025Choices Speak Louder than Questionscited by 2

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