DeCode: Decoupling Content and Delivery for Medical QA
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Abstract (arXiv)
Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong medical knowledge and can generate factually accurate responses. However, existing models often fail to account for individual patient contexts, producing answers that are clinically correct yet poorly aligned with patients' needs. In this work, we introduce DeCode (Decoupling Content and Delivery), a training-free, model-agnostic framework that adapts existing LLMs to produce contextualized answers in clinical settings. We evaluate DeCode on OpenAI HealthBench, a comprehensive and challenging benchmark designed to assess clinical relevance and validity of LLM responses. DeCode boosts zero-shot performance from 28.4% to 49.8% and achieves new state-of-the-art compared to existing methods. Experimental results suggest the effectiveness of DeCode in improving clinical question answering of LLMs.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 9 of its 17 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Jan 2026.
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References · 9
- 2020What Disease does this Patient Have? A Large-scale Open Domain Question Answering Dataset from Medical Examscited by 1,356
- 2019PubMedQA: A Dataset for Biomedical Research Question Answeringcited by 1,288
- 2025HealthBench: Evaluating Large Language Models Towards Improved Human Healthcited by 429
- 2023Can Generalist Foundation Models Outcompete Special-Purpose Tuning? Case Study in Medicinecited by 329
- 2023MedAgents: Large Language Models as Collaborators for Zero-shot Medical Reasoningcited by 316
- 2024Agent Hospital: A Simulacrum of Hospital with Evolvable Medical Agentscited by 218
- 2024AI Hospital: Benchmarking Large Language Models in a Multi-agent Medical Interaction Simulatorcited by 101
- 2025AutoMedPrompt: A New Framework for Optimizing LLM Medical Prompts Using Textual Gradientscited by 7
- 2025Enhancing the Medical Context-Awareness Ability of LLMs via Multifaceted Self-Refinement Learningcited by 4
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