VerLM: Explaining Face Verification Using Natural Language
On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Social bias and fairness in VLMs
Abstract (arXiv)
Face verification systems have seen substantial advancements; however, they often lack transparency in their decision-making processes. In this paper, we introduce an innovative Vision-Language Model (VLM) for Face Verification, which not only accurately determines if two face images depict the same individual but also explicitly explains the rationale behind its decisions. Our model is uniquely trained using two complementary explanation styles: (1) concise explanations that summarize the key factors influencing its decision, and (2) comprehensive explanations detailing the specific differences observed between the images. We adapt and enhance a state-of-the-art modeling approach originally designed for audio-based differentiation to suit visual inputs effectively. This cross-modal transfer significantly improves our model's accuracy and interpretability. The proposed VLM integrates sophisticated feature extraction techniques with advanced reasoning capabilities, enabling clear articulation of its verification process. Our approach demonstrates superior performance, surpassing baseline methods and existing models. These findings highlight the immense potential of vision language models in face verification set up, contributing to more transparent, reliable, and explainable face verification systems.
Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Social bias and fairness in VLMs, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 16 of its 20 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Jan 2026.
Builds on
16 of 20 references.
References · 16
- 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,792
- 2020Scaling Laws for Neural Language Modelscited by 6,411
- 2022PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathwayscited by 5,304
- 2022Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Modelscited by 2,927
- 2015FaceNet: A Unified Embedding for Face Recognition and Clusteringcited by 2,833
- 2017VGGFace2: A dataset for recognising faces across pose and agecited by 911
- 2022Automatic Chain of Thought Prompting in Large Language Modelscited by 684
- 2023Language Is Not All You Need: Aligning Perception with Language Modelscited by 543
- 2023SALMONN: Towards Generic Hearing Abilities for Large Language Modelscited by 492
- 2014Learning Face Representation from Scratchcited by 451
- 2023AudioPaLM: A Large Language Model That Can Speak and Listencited by 333
- 2023Pengi: An Audio Language Model for Audio Taskscited by 217
4 more
- 2020Explainable Face Recognitioncited by 34
- 2024OneDiff: A Generalist Model for Image Difference Captioningcited by 15
- 2025ADIFF: Explaining audio difference using natural languagecited by 8
- 2024From Pixels to Words: Leveraging Explainability in Face Recognition through Interactive Natural Language Processingcited by 5
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 2.
2 papers.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026Benchmarking the Explanatory Quality of Open-Weight Vision-Language Models in Face Recognition
- 2026MLLM-based Textual Explanations for Face Comparison
- 2025VLM2-Bench: A Closer Look at How Well VLMs Implicitly Link Explicit Matching Visual Cues
- 2025Interpretable Face Anti-Spoofing: Enhancing Generalization with Multimodal Large Language Models
- 2024Concept-based Analysis of Neural Networks via Vision-Language Models
- 2026Demographic Fairness in Multimodal LLMs: A Benchmark of Gender and Ethnicity Bias in Face Verification
- 2024VLM's Eye Examination: Instruct and Inspect Visual Competency of Vision Language Models
- 2025FaceLLM: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Face Understanding