WAY: Estimation of Vessel Destination in Worldwide AIS Trajectory
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Abstract (arXiv)
The Automatic Identification System (AIS) enables data-driven maritime surveillance but suffers from reliability issues and irregular intervals. We address vessel destination estimation using global-scope AIS data by proposing a differentiated approach that recasts long port-to-port trajectories as a nested sequence structure. Using spatial grids, this method mitigates spatio-temporal bias while preserving detailed resolution. We introduce a novel deep learning architecture, WAY, designed to process these reformulated trajectories for long-term destination estimation days to weeks in advance. WAY comprises a trajectory representation layer and Channel-Aggregative Sequential Processing (CASP) blocks. The representation layer generates multi-channel vector sequences from kinematic and non-kinematic features. CASP blocks utilize multi-headed channel- and self-attention for aggregation and sequential information delivery. Additionally, we propose a task-specialized Gradient Dropout (GD) technique to enable many-to-many training on single labels, preventing biased feedback surges by stochastically blocking gradient flow based on sample length. Experiments on 5-year AIS data demonstrate WAY's superiority over conventional spatial grid-based approaches regardless of trajectory progression. Results further confirm that adopting GD leads to performance gains. Finally, we explore WAY's potential for real-world application through multitask learning for ETA estimation.
Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 15 of its 57 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Dec 2025.
Builds on
15 of 57 references.
References · 15
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3 more
- 2018A Multi-task Deep Learning Architecture for Maritime Surveillance using AIS Data Streamscited by 13
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.
1 paper.