mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

EmeraldMind: A Knowledge Graph-Augmented Framework for Greenwashing Detection

arXiv 2512.11506 ↗First posted 12 Dec 2025cs.AIcited by 0

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Web, search, and research agents

Abstract (arXiv)

As AI and web agents become pervasive in decision-making, it is critical to design intelligent systems that not only support sustainability efforts but also guard against misinformation. Greenwashing, i.e., misleading corporate sustainability claims, poses a major challenge to environmental progress. To address this challenge, we introduce EmeraldMind, a fact-centric framework integrating a domain-specific knowledge graph with retrieval-augmented generation to automate greenwashing detection. EmeraldMind builds the EmeraldGraph from diverse corporate ESG (environmental, social, and governance) reports, surfacing verifiable evidence, often missing in generic knowledge bases, and supporting large language models in claim assessment. The framework delivers justification-centric classifications, presenting transparent, evidence-backed verdicts and abstaining responsibly when claims cannot be verified. Experiments on a new greenwashing claims dataset demonstrate that EmeraldMind achieves competitive accuracy, greater coverage, and superior explanation quality compared to generic LLMs, without the need for fine-tuning or retraining.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Web, search, and research agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 22 of its 47 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Dec 2025.

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22 of 47 references.

References · 22

  1. 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,626
  2. 2024A Survey on LLM-as-a-Judgecited by 1,423
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  10. 2023Self-Checker: Plug-and-Play Modules for Fact-Checking with Large Language Modelscited by 31
  11. 2023CHATREPORT: Democratizing Sustainability Disclosure Analysis through LLM-based Toolscited by 29
  12. 2024JustiLM: Few-shot Justification Generation for Explainable Fact-Checking of Real-world Claimscited by 29
10 more
  1. 2023AutoKG: Efficient Automated Knowledge Graph Generation for Language Modelscited by 17
  2. 2023News Verifiers Showdown: A Comparative Performance Evaluation of ChatGPT 3.5, ChatGPT 4.0, Bing AI, and Bard in News Fact-Checkingcited by 16
  3. 2023ESGReveal: An LLM-based approach for extracting structured data from ESG reportscited by 15
  4. 2024Unlocking the Power of Large Language Models for Entity Alignmentcited by 15
  5. 2025Hallucination to Truth: A Review of Fact-Checking and Factuality Evaluation in Large Language Modelscited by 13
  6. 2025ESGenius: Benchmarking LLMs on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) and Sustainability Knowledgecited by 8
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  9. 2024On Leveraging Large Language Models for Enhancing Entity Resolution: A Cost-efficient Approachcited by 5
  10. 2025Scaling Truth: The Confidence Paradox in AI Fact-Checkingcited by 2

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