OOCO: Latency-disaggregated Architecture for Online-Offline Co-locate LLM Serving
On the map: Efficient LLM inference and serving → Serving systems and request scheduling
Abstract (arXiv)
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in both latency-sensitive online services and cost-sensitive offline workloads. Co-locating these workloads on shared serving instances can improve resource utilization, but directly applying this approach to Prefill/Decode (P/D) disaggregated systems introduces severe load imbalance, as fluctuating request mixes alter the intrinsic P/D ratio. Existing dynamic adjustment techniques cannot keep up with the bursty traffic patterns of online services. We propose a latency-constraint disaggregated architecture, which separates cluster resources into latency-strict and latency-relaxed pools based on task latency requirements. This design enables flexible placement of offline decode tasks, mitigating P/D imbalance while preserving online performance. To fully exploit this flexibility, we propose (1) a bottleneck-based scheduler guided by a Roofline-based performance model for performance bottleneck based scheduling, and (2) a fast preemption mechanism that strictly enforces Service Level Objectives (SLOs) for online requests. Experiments on real-world traces show that compared to existing offline system approaches, our method improves offline throughput by up to 3x, while maintaining online request SLOs.
Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Serving systems and request scheduling, one of 12 directions in Efficient LLM inference and serving. Builds on 17 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Nov 2025.
Builds on
17 of 34 references.
Closest ancestors · 3
Same direction, newest first
- 2025HyGen: Efficient LLM Serving via Elastic Online-Offline Request Co-location15 Jan
- 2024Mooncake: A KVCache-centric Disaggregated Architecture for LLM Serving24 Jun
- 2023FlashDecoding++: Faster Large Language Model Inference on GPUs2 Nov
Other references · 14
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- 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,297
- 2022FlashAttention: Fast and Memory-Efficient Exact Attention with IO-Awarenesscited by 3,673
- 2023FlashAttention-2: Faster Attention with Better Parallelism and Work Partitioningcited by 2,598
- 2023GQA: Training Generalized Multi-Query Transformer Models from Multi-Head Checkpointscited by 1,346
- 2024Qwen2.5-Coder Technical Reportcited by 1,203
- 2023SGLang: Efficient Execution of Structured Language Model Programscited by 1,141
- 2024DeepSeek-V2: A Strong, Economical, and Efficient Mixture-of-Experts Language Modelcited by 1,135
- 2019Fast Transformer Decoding: One Write-Head is All You Needcited by 717
- 2023Splitwise: Efficient generative LLM inference using phase splittingcited by 558
- 2024Contrastive Preference Optimization: Pushing the Boundaries of LLM Performance in Machine Translationcited by 394
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.
1 paper.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025Echo: Efficient Co-Scheduling of Hybrid Online-Offline Tasks for Large Language Model Serving
- 2025Niyama : Breaking the Silos of LLM Inference Serving
- 2026LAPS: A Length-Aware-Prefill LLM Serving System
- 2026MAPS: Memory-Aware Predictive Scheduling Framework for Large Language Model Serving
- 2026Taming Request Imbalance: SLO-Aware Scheduling for Disaggregated LLM Inference
- 2026CoCoScale: Leveraging Layer-wise Scaling to Unlock the Potential of Online LLM Serving
- 2025DOPD: A Dynamic PD-Disaggregation Architecture for Maximizing Goodput in LLM Inference Serving
- 2025Arrow: Adaptive Scheduling Mechanisms for Disaggregated LLM Inference Architecture