miniF2F-Lean Revisited: Reviewing Limitations and Charting a Path Forward
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Abstract (arXiv)
We perform a thorough analysis of the formal and informal statements in the miniF2F benchmark from the perspective of an AI system that is tasked to participate in a math Olympiad consisting of the problems in miniF2F. In such setting, the model has to read and comprehend the problems in natural language, formalize them in Lean language, then proceed with proving the problems, and it will get credit for each problem if the formal proof corresponds to the original informal statement presented to the model. Our evaluation results reveal that the best accuracy of such pipeline can be about 36% using the SoTA models in the literature, considerably lower than the individual SoTA accuracies, 97% and 69% reported in the autoformalization and theorem proving literature. Analyzing the failure modes, we trace back a considerable portion of this drop to discrepancies between the formal and informal statements for more than half of the problems in miniF2F. We proceed with correcting all the errors, discrepancies and simplifications in formal and informal statements, and present the miniF2F-v2 with fully verified formal and informal statements and proofs. Evaluating the full theorem proving pipeline on miniF2F-v2 leads to the best accuracy of 70%, a significant improvement from the 40% on the original miniF2F, yet indicating considerable misalignment between the autoformalization models and theorem provers. Our deep analysis suggests that a higher quality benchmark can help the community better evaluate progress in the field of formal reasoning and also better diagnose the failure and success modes of autoformalization and theorem proving models. Our dataset is available at https://github.com/roozbeh-yz/miniF2F_v2.
Key facts. Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 26 of its 46 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Nov 2025.
Builds on
26 of 46 references.
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14 more
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 12.
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- 2026Faults in Our Formal Benchmarking: Dataset Defects and Evaluation Failures in Lean Theorem Provingcited by 7
- 2026TheoremGraph: Bridging Formal and Informal Mathematicscited by 4
- 2026FormalRx: Rectify and eXamine Semantic Failures in Autoformalizationcited by 2
- 2026SHADOWBENCH: Toward Reliable Automatic Evaluation of Semantic Alignment in Autoformalizationcited by 2
- 2026Fine-Tuning Small Reasoning Models for Quantum Field Theorycited by 1
- 2026MA-ProofBench: A Two-Tiered Evaluation of LLMs for Theorem Proving in Mathematical Analysiscited by 1
- 2026From Solvers to Research: Large Language Model-Driven Formal Mathematics at the Research Frontiercited by 1
- 2026LLM Framework for Discovering Major Mathematical Conjectures: AI's Quest for the Next Riemann Hypothesiscited by 1
- 2025Constructing a Neuro-Symbolic Mathematician from First Principlescited by 0
- 2026Benchmarking Testing in Automated Theorem Provingcited by 0
- 2026Keep the Proof State Live: Snapshotting for Efficient Tactic Search in Lean 4cited by 0
- 2026ProofLoom: Proof-Obligation-Driven Theory Construction for Autoformalizing Research-Level Stochastic Optimizationcited by 0
1 more
- 2026Sage: Formalization with Semantic Correctioncited by 0
- 2026ProofLoom: Proof-Obligation-Driven Theory Construction for Autoformalizing Research-Level Stochastic Optimization28 Sep 2026
- 2026Sage: Formalization with Semantic Correction16 Sep 2026
- 2026SHADOWBENCH: Toward Reliable Automatic Evaluation of Semantic Alignment in Autoformalization29 Aug 2026
- 2026From Solvers to Research: Large Language Model-Driven Formal Mathematics at the Research Frontier8 Jul 2026
- 2026FormalRx: Rectify and eXamine Semantic Failures in Autoformalization6 Jul 2026
- 2026Faults in Our Formal Benchmarking: Dataset Defects and Evaluation Failures in Lean Theorem Proving28 Jun 2026
- 2026TheoremGraph: Bridging Formal and Informal Mathematics24 Jun 2026
- 2026MA-ProofBench: A Two-Tiered Evaluation of LLMs for Theorem Proving in Mathematical Analysis11 Jun 2026
- 2026Keep the Proof State Live: Snapshotting for Efficient Tactic Search in Lean 425 May 2026
- 2026Benchmarking Testing in Automated Theorem Proving26 Apr 2026
- 2026Fine-Tuning Small Reasoning Models for Quantum Field Theory21 Apr 2026
- 2026LLM Framework for Discovering Major Mathematical Conjectures: AI's Quest for the Next Riemann Hypothesis19 Apr 2026
1 more
- 2026Faults in Our Formal Benchmarking: Dataset Defects and Evaluation Failures in Lean Theorem Provingcited by 7
- 2026TheoremGraph: Bridging Formal and Informal Mathematicscited by 4
- 2026SHADOWBENCH: Toward Reliable Automatic Evaluation of Semantic Alignment in Autoformalizationcited by 2
- 2026MA-ProofBench: A Two-Tiered Evaluation of LLMs for Theorem Proving in Mathematical Analysiscited by 1
- 2026From Solvers to Research: Large Language Model-Driven Formal Mathematics at the Research Frontiercited by 1
- 2026LLM Framework for Discovering Major Mathematical Conjectures: AI's Quest for the Next Riemann Hypothesiscited by 1
- 2025Constructing a Neuro-Symbolic Mathematician from First Principlescited by 0
- 2026Benchmarking Testing in Automated Theorem Provingcited by 0
- 2026Keep the Proof State Live: Snapshotting for Efficient Tactic Search in Lean 4cited by 0
- 2026ProofLoom: Proof-Obligation-Driven Theory Construction for Autoformalizing Research-Level Stochastic Optimizationcited by 0
- 2026Sage: Formalization with Semantic Correctioncited by 0
- 2026ProofLoom: Proof-Obligation-Driven Theory Construction for Autoformalizing Research-Level Stochastic Optimization28 Sep 2026
- 2026Sage: Formalization with Semantic Correction16 Sep 2026
- 2026SHADOWBENCH: Toward Reliable Automatic Evaluation of Semantic Alignment in Autoformalization29 Aug 2026
- 2026From Solvers to Research: Large Language Model-Driven Formal Mathematics at the Research Frontier8 Jul 2026
- 2026Faults in Our Formal Benchmarking: Dataset Defects and Evaluation Failures in Lean Theorem Proving28 Jun 2026
- 2026TheoremGraph: Bridging Formal and Informal Mathematics24 Jun 2026
- 2026MA-ProofBench: A Two-Tiered Evaluation of LLMs for Theorem Proving in Mathematical Analysis11 Jun 2026
- 2026Keep the Proof State Live: Snapshotting for Efficient Tactic Search in Lean 425 May 2026
- 2026Benchmarking Testing in Automated Theorem Proving26 Apr 2026
- 2026LLM Framework for Discovering Major Mathematical Conjectures: AI's Quest for the Next Riemann Hypothesis19 Apr 2026
- 2025Constructing a Neuro-Symbolic Mathematician from First Principles31 Dec 2025