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Robust Multi-Omics Integration from Incomplete Modalities Significantly Improves Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease

arXiv 2509.20842 ↗First posted 25 Sep 2025cs.LG cs.AIcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

Multi-omics data capture complex biomolecular interactions and provide insights into metabolism and disease. However, missing modalities hinder integrative analysis across heterogeneous omics. To address this, we present MOIRA (Multi-Omics Integration with Robustness to Absent modalities), an early integration method enabling robust learning from incomplete omics data via representation alignment and adaptive aggregation. MOIRA leverages all samples, including those with missing modalities, by projecting each omics dataset onto a shared embedding space where a learnable weighting mechanism fuses them. Evaluated on the Religious Order Study and Memory and Aging Project (ROSMAP) dataset for Alzheimer's Disease (AD), MOIRA outperformed existing approaches, and further ablation studies confirmed modality-wise contributions. Feature importance analysis revealed AD-related biomarkers consistent with prior literature, highlighting the biological relevance of our approach.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 9 of its 119 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Sep 2025.

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References · 9

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  2. 2017Axiomatic Attribution for Deep Networkscited by 3,384
  3. 2022Modality Competition: What Makes Joint Training of Multi-modal Network Fail in Deep Learning? (Provably)cited by 122
  4. 2022Mitigating Modality Collapse in Multimodal VAEs via Impartial Optimizationcited by 32
  5. 2023Graph Contrastive Learning for Multi-omics Datacited by 4
  6. 2024Supervised Multiple Kernel Learning approaches for multi-omics data integrationcited by 4
  7. 2024Harnessing Shared Relations via Multimodal Mixup Contrastive Learning for Multimodal Classificationcited by 2
  8. 2024SGUQ: Staged Graph Convolution Neural Network for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis using Multi-Omics Datacited by 1
  9. 2024MVKTrans: Multi-View Knowledge Transfer for Robust Multiomics Classificationcited by 1

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