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Experimental End-to-End Optimization of Directly Modulated Laser-based IM/DD Transmission

arXiv 2508.19910 ↗First posted 27 Aug 2025eess.SP cs.LGcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

Directly modulated lasers (DMLs) are an attractive technology for short-reach intensity modulation and direct detection communication systems. However, their complex nonlinear dynamics make the modeling and optimization of DML-based systems challenging. In this paper, we study the end-to-end optimization of DML-based systems based on a data-driven surrogate model trained on experimental data. The end-to-end optimization includes the pulse shaping and equalizer filters, the bias current and the modulation radio-frequency (RF) power applied to the laser. The performance of the end-to-end optimization scheme is tested on the experimental setup and compared to 4 different benchmark schemes based on linear and nonlinear receiver-side equalization. The results show that the proposed end-to-end scheme is able to deliver better performance throughout the studied symbol rates and transmission distances while employing lower modulation RF power, fewer filter taps and utilizing a smaller signal bandwidth.

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References · 10

  1. 2017An Introduction to Deep Learning for the Physical Layercited by 233
  2. 2023Model-Based End-to-End Learning for Multi-Target Integrated Sensing and Communication under Hardware Impairmentscited by 7
  3. 2019Concept and Experimental Demonstration of Optical IM/DD End-to-End System Optimization using a Generative Modelcited by 6
  4. 2020Gradient-free training of autoencoders for non-differentiable communication channelscited by 3
  5. 2022Geometric Constellation Shaping for Fiber-Optic Channels via End-to-End Learningcited by 2
  6. 2022End-to-end Optimization of Constellation Shaping for Wiener Phase Noise Channels with a Differentiable Blind Phase Searchcited by 2
  7. 2023Differentiable Machine Learning-Based Modeling for Directly-Modulated Laserscited by 2
  8. 2024End-to-end Optimization of Optical Communication Systems based on Directly Modulated Laserscited by 1
  9. 2024End-to-End Learning of Transmitter and Receiver Filters in Bandwidth Limited Fiber Optic Communication Systemscited by 1
  10. 2024Experimental Demonstration of End-to-End Optimization for Directly Modulated Laser-based IM/DD Systemscited by 1

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