mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Rethinking Few Shot CLIP Benchmarks: A Critical Analysis in the Inductive Setting

arXiv 2507.20834 ↗First posted 28 Jul 2025cs.CVcited by 4

On the map: LLM safety and security → Machine unlearning

Abstract (arXiv)

CLIP is a foundational model with transferable classification performance in the few-shot setting. Several methods have shown improved performance of CLIP using few-shot examples. However, so far, all these techniques have been benchmarked using standard few-shot datasets. We argue that this mode of evaluation does not provide a true indication of the inductive generalization ability using few-shot examples. As most datasets have been seen by the CLIP model, the resultant setting can be termed as partially transductive. To solve this, we propose a pipeline that uses an unlearning technique to obtain true inductive baselines. In this new inductive setting, the methods show a significant drop in performance (-55% on average among 13 baselines with multiple datasets). We validate the unlearning technique using oracle baselines. An improved few-shot classification technique is proposed that consistently obtains state-of-the-art performance over 13 other recent baseline methods on a comprehensive analysis with 5880 experiments - varying the datasets, differing number of few-shot examples, unlearning setting, and with different seeds. Thus, we identify the issue with the evaluation of CLIP-based few-shot classification, provide a solution using unlearning, propose new benchmarks, and provide an improved method.

Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Machine unlearning, one of 12 directions in LLM safety and security. Builds on 33 of its 45 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Jul 2025.

Builds on

33 of 45 references.

Closest ancestors · 4

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024Zero-Shot Class Unlearning in CLIP with Synthetic Samples10 Jul
  2. 2023SalUn: Empowering Machine Unlearning via Gradient-based Weight Saliency in Both Image Classification and Generation19 Oct
  3. 2023Fast Machine Unlearning Without Retraining Through Selective Synaptic Dampening15 Aug
  4. 2021Machine Unlearning of Features and Labels26 Aug

Other references · 29

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  2. 2018UMAP: Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reductioncited by 2,898
  3. 2016Membership Inference Attacks against Machine Learning Modelscited by 2,281
  4. 2021Learning to Prompt for Vision-Language Modelscited by 2,281
  5. 2016Matching Networks for One Shot Learningcited by 2,255
  6. 2013Describing Textures in the Wildcited by 2,125
  7. 2013Fine-Grained Visual Classification of Aircraftcited by 1,726
  8. 2017EuroSAT: A Novel Dataset and Deep Learning Benchmark for Land Use and Land Cover Classificationcited by 1,496
  9. 2022Conditional Prompt Learning for Vision-Language Modelscited by 1,433
  10. 2021CLIP-Adapter: Better Vision-Language Models with Feature Adapterscited by 1,026
  11. 2022MaPLe: Multi-modal Prompt Learningcited by 687
  12. 2019A Closer Look at Few-shot Classificationcited by 684
17 more
  1. 2022Tip-Adapter: Training-free Adaption of CLIP for Few-shot Classificationcited by 362
  2. 2022Prompt-aligned Gradient for Prompt Tuningcited by 341
  3. 2023Visual-Language Prompt Tuning with Knowledge-guided Context Optimizationcited by 308
  4. 2023Self-regulating Prompts: Foundational Model Adaptation without Forgettingcited by 272
  5. 2022Pushing the Limits of Simple Pipelines for Few-Shot Learning: External Data and Fine-Tuning Make a Differencecited by 126
  6. 2022Task Residual for Tuning Vision-Language Modelscited by 123
  7. 2022SuS-X: Training-Free Name-Only Transfer of Vision-Language Modelscited by 119
  8. 2024Low-Rank Few-Shot Adaptation of Vision-Language Modelscited by 104
  9. 2023TCP:Textual-based Class-aware Prompt tuning for Visual-Language Modelcited by 76
  10. 2023Consistency-guided Prompt Learning for Vision-Language Modelscited by 73
  11. 2019PlantDoc: A Dataset for Visual Plant Disease Detectioncited by 68
  12. 2019Self-Supervised Learning For Few-Shot Image Classificationcited by 44
  13. 2017Fine-grained Visual-textual Representation Learningcited by 27
  14. 2022A picture of the space of typical learnable taskscited by 7
  15. 2022Generalization Bounds for Few-Shot Transfer Learning with Pretrained Classifierscited by 7
  16. 2024SEP: Self-Enhanced Prompt Tuning for Visual-Language Modelcited by 3
  17. 2024CLIP Adaptation by Intra-modal Overlap Reductioncited by 2

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 4.

4 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024AMU-Tuning: Effective Logit Bias for CLIP-based Few-shot Learning
  2. 2024Benchmarking Spurious Bias in Few-Shot Image Classifiers
  3. 2021LibFewShot: A Comprehensive Library for Few-shot Learning
  4. 2025Generalizable Prompt Learning of CLIP: A Brief Overview
  5. 2024Few-Shot Recognition via Stage-Wise Retrieval-Augmented Finetuning
  6. 2026Will It Zero-Shot?: Predicting Zero-Shot Classification Performance For Arbitrary Queries
  7. 2024Rethinking Domain Adaptation and Generalization in the Era of CLIP
  8. 2025Domain Generalization in-the-Wild: Disentangling Classification from Domain-Aware Representations