Rethinking Few Shot CLIP Benchmarks: A Critical Analysis in the Inductive Setting
On the map: LLM safety and security → Machine unlearning
Abstract (arXiv)
CLIP is a foundational model with transferable classification performance in the few-shot setting. Several methods have shown improved performance of CLIP using few-shot examples. However, so far, all these techniques have been benchmarked using standard few-shot datasets. We argue that this mode of evaluation does not provide a true indication of the inductive generalization ability using few-shot examples. As most datasets have been seen by the CLIP model, the resultant setting can be termed as partially transductive. To solve this, we propose a pipeline that uses an unlearning technique to obtain true inductive baselines. In this new inductive setting, the methods show a significant drop in performance (-55% on average among 13 baselines with multiple datasets). We validate the unlearning technique using oracle baselines. An improved few-shot classification technique is proposed that consistently obtains state-of-the-art performance over 13 other recent baseline methods on a comprehensive analysis with 5880 experiments - varying the datasets, differing number of few-shot examples, unlearning setting, and with different seeds. Thus, we identify the issue with the evaluation of CLIP-based few-shot classification, provide a solution using unlearning, propose new benchmarks, and provide an improved method.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Machine unlearning, one of 12 directions in LLM safety and security. Builds on 33 of its 45 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Jul 2025.
Builds on
33 of 45 references.
Closest ancestors · 4
Same direction, newest first
- 2024Zero-Shot Class Unlearning in CLIP with Synthetic Samples10 Jul
- 2023SalUn: Empowering Machine Unlearning via Gradient-based Weight Saliency in Both Image Classification and Generation19 Oct
- 2023Fast Machine Unlearning Without Retraining Through Selective Synaptic Dampening15 Aug
- 2021Machine Unlearning of Features and Labels26 Aug
Other references · 29
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- 2016Matching Networks for One Shot Learningcited by 2,255
- 2013Describing Textures in the Wildcited by 2,125
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- 2017EuroSAT: A Novel Dataset and Deep Learning Benchmark for Land Use and Land Cover Classificationcited by 1,496
- 2022Conditional Prompt Learning for Vision-Language Modelscited by 1,433
- 2021CLIP-Adapter: Better Vision-Language Models with Feature Adapterscited by 1,026
- 2022MaPLe: Multi-modal Prompt Learningcited by 687
- 2019A Closer Look at Few-shot Classificationcited by 684
17 more
- 2022Tip-Adapter: Training-free Adaption of CLIP for Few-shot Classificationcited by 362
- 2022Prompt-aligned Gradient for Prompt Tuningcited by 341
- 2023Visual-Language Prompt Tuning with Knowledge-guided Context Optimizationcited by 308
- 2023Self-regulating Prompts: Foundational Model Adaptation without Forgettingcited by 272
- 2022Pushing the Limits of Simple Pipelines for Few-Shot Learning: External Data and Fine-Tuning Make a Differencecited by 126
- 2022Task Residual for Tuning Vision-Language Modelscited by 123
- 2022SuS-X: Training-Free Name-Only Transfer of Vision-Language Modelscited by 119
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- 2023TCP:Textual-based Class-aware Prompt tuning for Visual-Language Modelcited by 76
- 2023Consistency-guided Prompt Learning for Vision-Language Modelscited by 73
- 2019PlantDoc: A Dataset for Visual Plant Disease Detectioncited by 68
- 2019Self-Supervised Learning For Few-Shot Image Classificationcited by 44
- 2017Fine-grained Visual-textual Representation Learningcited by 27
- 2022A picture of the space of typical learnable taskscited by 7
- 2022Generalization Bounds for Few-Shot Transfer Learning with Pretrained Classifierscited by 7
- 2024SEP: Self-Enhanced Prompt Tuning for Visual-Language Modelcited by 3
- 2024CLIP Adaptation by Intra-modal Overlap Reductioncited by 2
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 4.
4 papers.
- 2026Can One-Shot Test-Time Data Augmentation Help with Generalization?cited by 0
- 2026Decompose, Compare, and Decide: Multimodal LLMs are Implicit Few-Shot Learnerscited by 0
- 2026TCLA: Training-Free Class-wise Logit Adaptation for Medical Vision-Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026The Blending Ratio Is Not Where the Performance Is: Diagnosing Prototype Blending for Few-Shot Adaptation of Vision-Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026The Blending Ratio Is Not Where the Performance Is: Diagnosing Prototype Blending for Few-Shot Adaptation of Vision-Language Models23 Aug 2026
- 2026TCLA: Training-Free Class-wise Logit Adaptation for Medical Vision-Language Models10 Jul 2026
- 2026Decompose, Compare, and Decide: Multimodal LLMs are Implicit Few-Shot Learners30 Jun 2026
- 2026Can One-Shot Test-Time Data Augmentation Help with Generalization?27 Jan 2026
Similar, not cited
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- 2024Few-Shot Recognition via Stage-Wise Retrieval-Augmented Finetuning
- 2026Will It Zero-Shot?: Predicting Zero-Shot Classification Performance For Arbitrary Queries
- 2024Rethinking Domain Adaptation and Generalization in the Era of CLIP
- 2025Domain Generalization in-the-Wild: Disentangling Classification from Domain-Aware Representations