mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Toxicity-Aware Few-Shot Prompting for Low-Resource Singlish Translation

arXiv 2507.11966 ↗First posted 16 Jul 2025cs.CL cs.AI cs.CYcited by 1

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Abstract (arXiv)

As online communication increasingly incorporates under-represented languages and colloquial dialects, standard translation systems often fail to preserve local slang, code-mixing, and culturally embedded markers of harmful speech. Translating toxic content between low-resource language pairs poses additional challenges due to scarce parallel data and safety filters that sanitize offensive expressions. In this work, we propose a reproducible, two-stage framework for toxicity-preserving translation, demonstrated on a code-mixed Singlish safety corpus. First, we perform human-verified few-shot prompt engineering: we iteratively curate and rank annotator-selected Singlish-target examples to capture nuanced slang, tone, and toxicity. Second, we optimize model-prompt pairs by benchmarking several large language models using semantic similarity via direct and back-translation. Quantitative human evaluation confirms the effectiveness and efficiency of our pipeline. Beyond improving translation quality, our framework contributes to the safety of multicultural LLMs by supporting culturally sensitive moderation and benchmarking in low-resource contexts. By positioning Singlish as a testbed for inclusive NLP, we underscore the importance of preserving sociolinguistic nuance in real-world applications such as content moderation and regional platform governance.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 17 of its 24 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Jul 2025.

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17 of 24 references.

References · 17

  1. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,419
  2. 2025DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learningcited by 6,330
  3. 2023DSPy: Compiling Declarative Language Model Calls into Self-Improving Pipelinescited by 832
  4. 2016Google's Multilingual Neural Machine Translation System: Enabling Zero-Shot Translationcited by 469
  5. 2023How Good Are GPT Models at Machine Translation? A Comprehensive Evaluationcited by 348
  6. 2017Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Monolingual Corpora Onlycited by 273
  7. 2017Unsupervised Neural Machine Translationcited by 149
  8. 2022Prompting PaLM for Translation: Assessing Strategies and Performancecited by 145
  9. 2019Neural Machine Translation: A Review and Surveycited by 100
  10. 2021Survey of Low-Resource Machine Translationcited by 92
  11. 2023Large language models effectively leverage document-level context for literary translation, but critical errors persistcited by 80
  12. 2024From LLM to NMT: Advancing Low-Resource Machine Translation with Claudecited by 58
5 more
  1. 2022Toxicity in Multilingual Machine Translation at Scalecited by 26
  2. 2024A Comparative Study of DSPy Teleprompter Algorithms for Aligning Large Language Models Evaluation Metrics to Human Evaluationcited by 7
  3. 2016Neural Machine Translation Advised by Statistical Machine Translationcited by 5
  4. 2024LionGuard: Building a Contextualized Moderation Classifier to Tackle Localized Unsafe Contentcited by 5
  5. 2024What talking you?: Translating Code-Mixed Messaging Texts to Englishcited by 4

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