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Moving From Monolithic To Microservices Architecture for Multi-Agent Systems

arXiv 2505.07838 ↗First posted 5 May 2025cs.SE cs.AI cs.DCcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

The transition from monolithic to microservices architecture revolutionized software development by improving scalability and maintainability. This paradigm shift is now becoming relevant for complex multi-agent systems (MAS). This review article explores the evolution from monolithic architecture to microservices architecture in the specific context of MAS. It will highlight the limitations of traditional monolithic MAS and the benefits of adopting a microservices-based approach. The article further examines the core architectural principles and communication protocols, including Agent Communication Languages (ACLs), the Model Context Protocol (MCP), and the Application-to-Application (A2A) protocol. The article identifies emerging architectural patterns, design challenges, and considerations through a comparative lens of the paradigm shift.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 5 of its 23 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 May 2025.

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References · 5

  1. 2023AutoGen: Enabling Next-Gen LLM Applications via Multi-Agent Conversationcited by 1,988
  2. 2025Model Context Protocol (MCP): Landscape, Security Threats, and Future Research Directionscited by 265
  3. 2024Magentic-One: A Generalist Multi-Agent System for Solving Complex Taskscited by 232
  4. 2016Microservices: yesterday, today, and tomorrowcited by 22
  5. 2021Data Management in Microservices: State of the Practice, Challenges, and Research Directionscited by 3

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  1. 2026MicroAgent: Context-Augmented Multi-Agent Framework for Automatic Microservice Decomposition
  2. 2026LLM-Enabled Multi-Agent Systems: Empirical Evaluation and Insights into Emerging Design Patterns & Paradigms
  3. 2026Designing Intelligent Enterprise Agents: A Capability-Aligned Multi-Agent Architecture
  4. 2025A survey of agent interoperability protocols: Model Context Protocol (MCP), Agent Communication Protocol (ACP), Agent-to-Agent Protocol (A2A), and Agent Network Protocol (ANP)
  5. 2025Agentic Services Computing
  6. 2026The Orchestration of Multi-Agent Systems: Architectures, Protocols, and Enterprise Adoption
  7. 2025Survey of LLM Agent Communication with MCP: A Software Design Pattern Centric Review
  8. 2026A Comparative Study of MCP and A2A for Inter-Agent Coordination in LLM-Based Systems