EnronQA: Towards Personalized RAG over Private Documents
On the map: Retrieval-augmented generation → RAG pipeline design and evaluation
Abstract (arXiv)
Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has become one of the most popular methods for bringing knowledge-intensive context to large language models (LLM) because of its ability to bring local context at inference time without the cost or data leakage risks associated with fine-tuning. A clear separation of private information from the LLM training has made RAG the basis for many enterprise LLM workloads as it allows the company to augment LLM's understanding using customers' private documents. Despite its popularity for private documents in enterprise deployments, current RAG benchmarks for validating and optimizing RAG pipelines draw their corpora from public data such as Wikipedia or generic web pages and offer little to no personal context. Seeking to empower more personal and private RAG we release the EnronQA benchmark, a dataset of 103,638 emails with 528,304 question-answer pairs across 150 different user inboxes. EnronQA enables better benchmarking of RAG pipelines over private data and allows for experimentation on the introduction of personalized retrieval settings over realistic data. Finally, we use EnronQA to explore the tradeoff in memorization and retrieval when reasoning over private documents.
Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in RAG pipeline design and evaluation, one of 15 directions in Retrieval-augmented generation. Builds on 45 of its 71 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 May 2025.
Builds on
45 of 71 references.
Closest ancestors · 4
Same direction, newest first
- 2024PersonaRAG: Enhancing Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systems with User-Centric Agents12 Jul
- 2024MeMemo: On-device Retrieval Augmentation for Private and Personalized Text Generation2 Jul
- 2024UDA: A Benchmark Suite for Retrieval Augmented Generation in Real-world Document Analysis21 Jun
- 2023Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Large Language Models: A Survey18 Dec
Other references · 41
- 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,715
- 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,297
- 2018HotpotQA: A Dataset for Diverse, Explainable Multi-hop Question Answeringcited by 3,754
- 2017TriviaQA: A Large Scale Distantly Supervised Challenge Dataset for Reading Comprehensioncited by 2,955
- 2016MS MARCO: A Human Generated MAchine Reading COmprehension Datasetcited by 1,605
- 2018Know What You Don't Know: Unanswerable Questions for SQuADcited by 1,554
- 2019PubMedQA: A Dataset for Biomedical Research Question Answeringcited by 1,288
- 2021Scaling Language Models: Methods, Analysis & Insights from Training Gophercited by 1,202
- 2016Bag of Tricks for Efficient Text Classificationcited by 876
- 2020How Much Knowledge Can You Pack Into the Parameters of a Language Model?cited by 719
- 2021Retrieval Augmentation Reduces Hallucination in Conversationcited by 692
- 2018CoQA: A Conversational Question Answering Challengecited by 683
29 more
- 2014Neural Turing Machinescited by 644
- 2017The NarrativeQA Reading Comprehension Challengecited by 597
- 2020KILT: a Benchmark for Knowledge Intensive Language Taskscited by 573
- 2021FinQA: A Dataset of Numerical Reasoning over Financial Datacited by 562
- 2024TOFU: A Task of Fictitious Unlearning for LLMscited by 533
- 2022Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledgecited by 458
- 2021TAT-QA: A Question Answering Benchmark on a Hybrid of Tabular and Textual Content in Financecited by 408
- 2018QuAC : Question Answering in Contextcited by 381
- 2016NewsQA: A Machine Comprehension Datasetcited by 331
- 2024Optimizing Instructions and Demonstrations for Multi-Stage Language Model Programscited by 291
- 2021CUAD: An Expert-Annotated NLP Dataset for Legal Contract Reviewcited by 236
- 2023Continual Pre-training of Language Modelscited by 198
- 2022ConvFinQA: Exploring the Chain of Numerical Reasoning in Conversational Finance Question Answeringcited by 196
- 2020Open-Domain Question Answering Goes Conversational via Question Rewritingcited by 148
- 2023Continual Pre-Training of Large Language Models: How to (re)warm your model?cited by 137
- 2023ExpertQA: Expert-Curated Questions and Attributed Answerscited by 97
- 2021TopiOCQA: Open-domain Conversational Question Answering with Topic Switchingcited by 96
- 2024Reducing hallucination in structured outputs via Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 93
- 2020doc2dial: A Goal-Oriented Document-Grounded Dialogue Datasetcited by 88
- 2024Systematic Evaluation of LLM-as-a-Judge in LLM Alignment Tasks: Explainable Metrics and Diverse Prompt Templatescited by 72
- 2024Synthetic continued pretrainingcited by 60
- 2024Mitigating the Privacy Issues in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) via Pure Synthetic Datacited by 52
- 2023DelucionQA: Detecting Hallucinations in Domain-specific Question Answeringcited by 43
- 2022HybriDialogue: An Information-Seeking Dialogue Dataset Grounded on Tabular and Textual Datacited by 28
- 2021Question Answering over Electronic Devices: A New Benchmark Dataset and a Multi-Task Learning based QA Frameworkcited by 21
- 2022Reasoning over Public and Private Data in Retrieval-Based Systemscited by 21
- 2024Ground Every Sentence: Improving Retrieval-Augmented LLMs with Interleaved Reference-Claim Generationcited by 21
- 2023Adapting LLMs for Efficient, Personalized Information Retrieval: Methods and Implicationscited by 8
- 2019Memory-Augmented Neural Networks for Machine Translationcited by 1
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 6; 2026: 3.
9 papers.
- 2025Silent Leaks: Implicit Knowledge Extraction Attack on RAG Systems through Benign Queriescited by 19
- 2025Retrieval-Augmented Generation in Industry: An Interview Study on Use Cases, Requirements, Challenges, and Evaluationcited by 8
- 2025Memory in Large Language Models: Mechanisms, Evaluation and Evolutioncited by 8
- 2025LEANN: A Low-Storage Vector Indexcited by 4
- 2025DFAMS: Dynamic-flow guided Federated Alignment based Multi-prototype Searchcited by 2
- 2025PerCache: Predictive Hierarchical Cache for RAG Applications on Mobile Devicescited by 1
- 2026CorporateBench: Large-Scale Q&A Benchmarking with Temporal Knowledge Basescited by 1
- 2026Masking or Mitigating? Deconstructing the Impact of Query Rewriting on Retriever Biases in RAGcited by 0
- 2026Lost in the Request: How Communication Variation Disrupts Retrieval and Action in Email Agentscited by 0
- 2026Lost in the Request: How Communication Variation Disrupts Retrieval and Action in Email Agents2 Oct 2026
- 2026CorporateBench: Large-Scale Q&A Benchmarking with Temporal Knowledge Bases27 Aug 2026
- 2026Masking or Mitigating? Deconstructing the Impact of Query Rewriting on Retriever Biases in RAG7 Apr 2026
- 2025PerCache: Predictive Hierarchical Cache for RAG Applications on Mobile Devices10 Dec 2025
- 2025Memory in Large Language Models: Mechanisms, Evaluation and Evolution23 Sep 2025
- 2025DFAMS: Dynamic-flow guided Federated Alignment based Multi-prototype Search28 Aug 2025
- 2025Retrieval-Augmented Generation in Industry: An Interview Study on Use Cases, Requirements, Challenges, and Evaluation11 Aug 2025
- 2025LEANN: A Low-Storage Vector Index9 Jun 2025
- 2025Silent Leaks: Implicit Knowledge Extraction Attack on RAG Systems through Benign Queries21 May 2025
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- 2024Know Your RAG: Dataset Taxonomy and Generation Strategies for Evaluating RAG Systems
- 2024Question-Based Retrieval using Atomic Units for Enterprise RAG
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