GDI-Bench: A Benchmark for General Document Intelligence with Vision and Reasoning Decoupling
On the map: LLM reasoning → Multimodal reasoning
Abstract (arXiv)
The rapid advancement of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has profoundly impacted the document domain, creating a wide array of application scenarios. This progress highlights the need for a comprehensive benchmark to evaluate these models' capabilities across various document-specific tasks. However, existing benchmarks often fail to locate specific model weaknesses or guide systematic improvements. To bridge this gap, we introduce a General Document Intelligence Benchmark (GDI-Bench), featuring 2.3k images across 9 key scenarios and 19 document-specific tasks. By decoupling visual complexity and reasoning complexity, the GDI-Bench structures graded tasks that allow performance assessment by difficulty, aiding in model weakness identification and optimization guidance. We evaluate various open-source and closed-source models on GDI-Bench, conducting decoupled analyses in the visual and reasoning domains, revealing their strengths and weaknesses. To address the diverse tasks and domains in the GDI-Bench, we propose a GDI-Model that mitigates catastrophic forgetting during the supervised fine-tuning (SFT) process through an intelligence-preserving training strategy, thereby reinforcing the inherent weaknesses of the base model. Our model achieves state-of-the-art performance on previous benchmarks and the GDI-Bench. Both our benchmark and models are or will be open-sourced on https://huggingface.co/GDIBench.
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 20 of its 60 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Apr 2025.
Builds on
20 of 60 references.
References · 20
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8 more
- 2023mPLUG-DocOwl: Modularized Multimodal Large Language Model for Document Understandingcited by 168
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 1.
3 papers.
- 2025Perception, Reason, Think, and Plan: A Survey on Large Multimodal Reasoning Modelscited by 90
- 2025Reinforcement Fine-Tuning Powers Reasoning Capability of Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 14
- 2026OCR-MetaReasoning Benchmark: Evaluating the Meta-Reasoning Ability of MLLMs in Text-Rich Image Understandingcited by 0
- 2026OCR-MetaReasoning Benchmark: Evaluating the Meta-Reasoning Ability of MLLMs in Text-Rich Image Understanding31 Aug 2026
- 2025Reinforcement Fine-Tuning Powers Reasoning Capability of Multimodal Large Language Models24 May 2025
- 2025Perception, Reason, Think, and Plan: A Survey on Large Multimodal Reasoning Models8 May 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024MMDocBench: Benchmarking Large Vision-Language Models for Fine-Grained Visual Document Understanding
- 2026SynthDocBench: Controlled Benchmark for Long-Context Visual Document Understanding
- 2025DocSLM: A Small Vision-Language Model for Long Multimodal Document Understanding
- 2025Document Haystack: A Long Context Multimodal Image/Document Understanding Vision LLM Benchmark
- 2024LongDocURL: a Comprehensive Multimodal Long Document Benchmark Integrating Understanding, Reasoning, and Locating
- 2026OmniMapBench: Benchmarking Visual-Centric Reasoning on Diverse Map Documents
- 2026ShredBench: Evaluating the Semantic Reasoning Capabilities of Multimodal LLMs in Document Reconstruction
- 2025OCR-Reasoning Benchmark: Unveiling the True Capabilities of MLLMs in Complex Text-Rich Image Reasoning