mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Impact of Noise on LLM-Models Performance in Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) Tasks with Model Temperature Considerations

arXiv 2504.15903 ↗First posted 22 Apr 2025cs.AIcited by 1

On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation

Abstract (arXiv)

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have generated growing interest in their structured reasoning capabilities, particularly in tasks involving abstraction and pattern recognition. The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) benchmark plays a crucial role in evaluating these capabilities by testing how well AI models generalize to novel problems. While GPT-4o demonstrates strong performance by solving all ARC tasks under zero-noise conditions, other models like DeepSeek R1 and LLaMA 3.2 fail to solve any, suggesting limitations in their ability to reason beyond simple pattern matching. To explore this gap, we systematically evaluate these models across different noise levels and temperature settings. Our results reveal that the introduction of noise consistently impairs model performance, regardless of architecture. This decline highlights a shared vulnerability: current LLMs, despite showing signs of abstract reasoning, remain highly sensitive to input perturbations. Such fragility raises concerns about their real-world applicability, where noise and uncertainty are common. By comparing how different model architectures respond to these challenges, we offer insights into the structural weaknesses of modern LLMs in reasoning tasks. This work underscores the need for developing more robust and adaptable AI systems capable of handling the ambiguity and variability inherent in real-world scenarios. Our findings aim to guide future research toward enhancing model generalization, robustness, and alignment with human-like cognitive flexibility.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 3 of its 9 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Apr 2025.

Builds on

3 of 9 references.

References · 3

  1. 2019On the Measure of Intelligencecited by 129
  2. 2023The ConceptARC Benchmark: Evaluating Understanding and Generalization in the ARC Domaincited by 97
  3. 2023Comparing Humans, GPT-4, and GPT-4V On Abstraction and Reasoning Taskscited by 54

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Citing papers per year: 2025: 1.

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  1. 2025Product of Experts with LLMs: Boosting Performance on ARC Is a Matter of Perspective
  2. 2024Intelligence Analysis of Language Models
  3. 2025Benchmarking Reasoning Robustness in Large Language Models
  4. 2023Large Language Models Are Not Strong Abstract Reasoners
  5. 2024Understanding the Effect of Noise in LLM Training Data with Algorithmic Chains of Thought
  6. 2025An Empirical Study of LLM Reasoning Ability Under Strict Output Length Constraint
  7. 2025Domain Specific Benchmarks for Evaluating Multimodal Large Language Models
  8. 2025LLM-Cave: A benchmark and light environment for large language models reasoning and decision-making system