Efficient LLM Serving on Hybrid Real-time and Best-effort Requests
On the map: Efficient LLM inference and serving → Serving systems and request scheduling
Abstract (arXiv)
Recent breakthroughs in large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled various generative tasks on a single model. Real-world services (e.g., OpenAI's ChatGPT [27]) powered by an LLM often concurrently support latency-critical requests for interactive applications (e.g., question-answering systems, referred to as real-time or RT requests) and throughput-oriented requests for back-of-house processing (e.g., documents batch processing [28], referred to best-effort or BE requests), with complex hybrid inference workloads to the underlying model. State-of-the-art (SOTA) LLM serving systems dedicate machines to each type of request, towards either low inference latency or high serving throughput, respectively. This practice simplifies request scheduling and management but suffers from poor resource utilization. We propose BROS, a hybrid LLM serving system that aims to collocate RT/BE requests, meeting RT requests' latency requirements while maintaining BE requests' throughput. BROS formulates the problem of hybrid RT/BE request scheduling and solves it with a dynamic priority-based algorithm. BROS designs a bidirectional KV cache management mechanism, allowing RT requests to share KV memory with BE requests to remove the scheduling restrictions caused by insufficient KV memory and improve utilization. Extensive experiments validate that BROS achieves a good trade-off when serving hybrid RT and BE requests. It significantly reduces the latency of RT requests (up to 74.20%), improving their fine-grained service level objectives (SLOs) attainments (up to 36.38x), with negligible throughput reduction for BE requests, showing significant advantages over SOTA systems like vLLM and TGI.
Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Serving systems and request scheduling, one of 12 directions in Efficient LLM inference and serving. Builds on 37 of its 55 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Apr 2025.
Builds on
37 of 55 references.
Closest ancestors · 7
Same direction, newest first
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- 2024Taming Throughput-Latency Tradeoff in LLM Inference with Sarathi-Serve4 Mar
- 2024LLM-PQ: Serving LLM on Heterogeneous Clusters with Phase-Aware Partition and Adaptive Quantization2 Mar
- 2024BurstGPT: A Real-world Workload Dataset to Optimize LLM Serving Systems31 Jan
- 2024DistServe: Disaggregating Prefill and Decoding for Goodput-optimized Large Language Model Serving18 Jan
- 2023Fast Distributed Inference Serving for Large Language Models10 May
Other references · 30
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- 2024FLUX: Fast Software-based Communication Overlap On GPUs Through Kernel Fusioncited by 57
- 2024BlendServe: Optimizing Offline Inference for Auto-regressive Large Models with Resource-aware Batchingcited by 19
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 2.
2 papers.
- 2026Coordinated Scheduling for MoE LLM Servingcited by 2
- 2026RW-TTT: Batched Serving for Request-Owned Test-Time Training Statecited by 0
- 2026Coordinated Scheduling for MoE LLM Serving13 Jun 2026
- 2026RW-TTT: Batched Serving for Request-Owned Test-Time Training State27 May 2026
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