mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Extract, Match, and Score: An Evaluation Paradigm for Long Question-context-answer Triplets in Financial Analysis

arXiv 2503.16575 ↗First posted 20 Mar 2025cs.CL cs.AIcited by 3

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has sparked widespread adoption across diverse applications, making robust evaluation frameworks crucial for assessing their performance. While conventional evaluation metrics remain applicable for shorter texts, their efficacy diminishes when evaluating the quality of long-form answers. This limitation is particularly critical in real-world scenarios involving extended questions, extensive context, and long-form answers, such as financial analysis or regulatory compliance. In this paper, we use a practical financial use case to illustrate applications that handle "long question-context-answer triplets". We construct a real-world financial dataset comprising long triplets and demonstrate the inadequacies of traditional metrics. To address this, we propose an effective Extract, Match, and Score (EMS) evaluation approach tailored to the complexities of long-form LLMs' outputs, providing practitioners with a reliable methodology for assessing LLMs' performance in complex real-world scenarios.

Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 39 of its 49 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Mar 2025.

Builds on

39 of 49 references.

References · 39

  1. 2019BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERTcited by 5,512
  2. 2023FActScore: Fine-grained Atomic Evaluation of Factual Precision in Long Form Text Generationcited by 1,282
  3. 2023A Survey on Evaluation of Large Language Modelscited by 1,242
  4. 2021FinQA: A Dataset of Numerical Reasoning over Financial Datacited by 562
  5. 2023Harnessing the Power of LLMs in Practice: A Survey on ChatGPT and Beyondcited by 411
  6. 2022ConvFinQA: Exploring the Chain of Numerical Reasoning in Conversational Finance Question Answeringcited by 196
  7. 2023ZeroSCROLLS: A Zero-Shot Benchmark for Long Text Understandingcited by 176
  8. 2023Large Language Model Cascades with Mixture of Thoughts Representations for Cost-efficient Reasoningcited by 143
  9. 2024Retrieval Augmented Generation or Long-Context LLMs? A Comprehensive Study and Hybrid Approachcited by 119
  10. 2022WHEN FLUE MEETS FLANG: Benchmarks and Large Pre-trained Language Model for Financial Domaincited by 117
  11. 2024VERISCORE: Evaluating the factuality of verifiable claims in long-form text generationcited by 117
  12. 2023A Critical Evaluation of Evaluations for Long-form Question Answeringcited by 111
27 more
  1. 2024Summary of a Haystack: A Challenge to Long-Context LLMs and RAG Systemscited by 87
  2. 2023Trillion Dollar Words: A New Financial Dataset, Task & Market Analysiscited by 75
  3. 2024RAGChecker: A Fine-grained Framework for Diagnosing Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 61
  4. 2024DocFinQA: A Long-Context Financial Reasoning Datasetcited by 60
  5. 2024Linguistic Calibration of Long-Form Generationscited by 60
  6. 2023Are ChatGPT and GPT-4 General-Purpose Solvers for Financial Text Analytics? A Study on Several Typical Taskscited by 59
  7. 2024FinTextQA: A Dataset for Long-form Financial Question Answeringcited by 54
  8. 2024LongRAG: A Dual-Perspective Retrieval-Augmented Generation Paradigm for Long-Context Question Answeringcited by 49
  9. 2022Read before Generate! Faithful Long Form Question Answering with Machine Readingcited by 47
  10. 2024RAG-QA Arena: Evaluating Domain Robustness for Long-form Retrieval Augmented Question Answeringcited by 43
  11. 2021Trade the Event: Corporate Events Detection for News-Based Event-Driven Tradingcited by 39
  12. 2024Long2RAG: Evaluating Long-Context & Long-Form Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Key Point Recallcited by 32
  13. 2023BizBench: A Quantitative Reasoning Benchmark for Business and Financecited by 28
  14. 2024LongGenBench: Long-context Generation Benchmarkcited by 28
  15. 2022How Far are We from Robust Long Abstractive Summarization?cited by 25
  16. 2024Evaluating LLMs' Mathematical Reasoning in Financial Document Question Answeringcited by 25
  17. 2024PROXYQA: An Alternative Framework for Evaluating Long-Form Text Generation with Large Language Modelscited by 24
  18. 2023Long Text and Multi-Table Summarization: Dataset and Methodcited by 23
  19. 2024Benchmarking Large Language Models on CFLUE -- A Chinese Financial Language Understanding Evaluation Datasetcited by 23
  20. 2024FinDVer: Explainable Claim Verification over Long and Hybrid-Content Financial Documentscited by 19
  21. 2024GPT is Not an Annotator: The Necessity of Human Annotation in Fairness Benchmark Constructioncited by 15
  22. 2023Is ChatGPT a Financial Expert? Evaluating Language Models on Financial Natural Language Processingcited by 11
  23. 2023Concise Answers to Complex Questions: Summarization of Long-form Answerscited by 7
  24. 2023Can Large Language Models Follow Concept Annotation Guidelines? A Case Study on Scientific and Financial Domainscited by 7
  25. 2024EFSA: Towards Event-Level Financial Sentiment Analysiscited by 7
  26. 2024Systematic Evaluation of Long-Context LLMs on Financial Conceptscited by 6
  27. 2023PreWoMe: Exploiting Presuppositions as Working Memory for Long Form Question Answeringcited by 4

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 2.

3 papers.