mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

ReFreeKV: Towards Threshold-Free KV Cache Compression

arXiv 2502.16886 ↗First posted 24 Feb 2025cs.CL cs.AI cs.LGcited by 1

On the map: Efficient LLM inference and serving → KV cache optimization

Abstract (arXiv)

To reduce memory consumption during LLM inference, a handful of methods have been proposed for KV cache pruning. While these techniques can accomplish lossless memory reduction on many datasets, they often hinge on an under-emphasized condition: an input/domain-specific threshold for KV cache budget needs to be pre-determined to achieve the optimal performance. However, such input-sensitive design may be considerably limited in real-world scenarios, as open-domain inputs span diverse domains, lengths and difficulty levels, without clear boundaries for threshold selection. As a result, the dependence of such input-sensitive threshold can be a fundamental limitation that causes large degradation on arbitrary inputs. In this work, we propose a new objective that lifts the threshold constraints for robust KV compression, advocating for "threshold-free" methods that adaptively adjust budget allocation while preserving full-cache performance. We then propose a novel method, ReFreeKV, serving as the first instantiation of this objective. Extensive experiments across 13 datasets with diverse context lengths, task types, and model sizes demonstrate its efficacy and efficiency. Our code is publicly released at https://github.com/Patrick-Ni/ReFreeKV.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in KV cache optimization, one of 12 directions in Efficient LLM inference and serving. Builds on 27 of its 40 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Feb 2025.

Builds on

27 of 40 references.

Closest ancestors · 8

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024A Survey on Large Language Model Acceleration based on KV Cache Management27 Dec
  2. 2024DuoAttention: Efficient Long-Context LLM Inference with Retrieval and Streaming Heads14 Oct
  3. 2024When Attention Sink Emerges in Language Models: An Empirical View14 Oct
  4. 2024Model Tells You Where to Merge: Adaptive KV Cache Merging for LLMs on Long-Context Tasks11 Jul
  5. 2024PyramidKV: Dynamic KV Cache Compression based on Pyramidal Information Funneling4 Jun
  6. 2024SnapKV: LLM Knows What You are Looking for Before Generation22 Apr
  7. 2023Model Tells You What to Discard: Adaptive KV Cache Compression for LLMs3 Oct
  8. 2023Scissorhands: Exploiting the Persistence of Importance Hypothesis for LLM KV Cache Compression at Test Time26 May

Other references · 19

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,361
  2. 2021Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problemscited by 10,109
  3. 2021TruthfulQA: Measuring How Models Mimic Human Falsehoodscited by 2,975
  4. 2017TriviaQA: A Large Scale Distantly Supervised Challenge Dataset for Reading Comprehensioncited by 2,955
  5. 2023GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmarkcited by 2,879
  6. 2023LongBench: A Bilingual, Multitask Benchmark for Long Context Understandingcited by 1,417
  7. 2023GQA: Training Generalized Multi-Query Transformer Models from Multi-Head Checkpointscited by 1,346
  8. 2020Constructing A Multi-hop QA Dataset for Comprehensive Evaluation of Reasoning Stepscited by 1,282
  9. 2019Fast Transformer Decoding: One Write-Head is All You Needcited by 717
  10. 2018CoQA: A Conversational Question Answering Challengecited by 683
  11. 2017The NarrativeQA Reading Comprehension Challengecited by 597
  12. 2021A Dataset of Information-Seeking Questions and Answers Anchored in Research Paperscited by 486
7 more
  1. 2019Multi-News: a Large-Scale Multi-Document Summarization Dataset and Abstractive Hierarchical Modelcited by 431
  2. 2021QMSum: A New Benchmark for Query-based Multi-domain Meeting Summarizationcited by 365
  3. 2025Layer by Layer: Uncovering Hidden Representations in Language Modelscited by 311
  4. 2019Visualizing and Measuring the Geometry of BERTcited by 216
  5. 2023TheoremQA: A Theorem-driven Question Answering datasetcited by 192
  6. 2023LongCoder: A Long-Range Pre-trained Language Model for Code Completioncited by 112
  7. 2025Twilight: Adaptive Attention Sparsity with Hierarchical Top-p Pruningcited by 49

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.

1 paper.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024MiniKV: Pushing the Limits of LLM Inference via 2-Bit Layer-Discriminative KV Cache
  2. 2025FreeKV: Boosting KV Cache Retrieval for Efficient LLM Inference
  3. 2025KeepKV: Achieving Periodic Lossless KV Cache Compression for Efficient LLM Inference
  4. 2025LAVa: Layer-wise KV Cache Eviction with Dynamic Budget Allocation
  5. 2026KVSculpt: KV Cache Compression as Distillation
  6. 2026MetaKV: Adaptive KV Cache Compression for Constrained LLM Inference
  7. 2025PackKV: Reducing KV Cache Memory Footprint through LLM-Aware Lossy Compression
  8. 2024Get More with LESS: Synthesizing Recurrence with KV Cache Compression for Efficient LLM Inference