mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

PredictaBoard: Benchmarking LLM Score Predictability

arXiv 2502.14445 ↗First posted 20 Feb 2025cs.CL cs.AI stat.MLcited by 7

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Despite possessing impressive skills, Large Language Models (LLMs) often fail unpredictably, demonstrating inconsistent success in even basic common sense reasoning tasks. This unpredictability poses a significant challenge to ensuring their safe deployment, as identifying and operating within a reliable "safe zone" is essential for mitigating risks. To address this, we present PredictaBoard, a novel collaborative benchmarking framework designed to evaluate the ability of score predictors (referred to as assessors) to anticipate LLM errors on specific task instances (i.e., prompts) from existing datasets. PredictaBoard evaluates pairs of LLMs and assessors by considering the rejection rate at different tolerance errors. As such, PredictaBoard stimulates research into developing better assessors and making LLMs more predictable, not only with a higher average performance. We conduct illustrative experiments using baseline assessors and state-of-the-art LLMs. PredictaBoard highlights the critical need to evaluate predictability alongside performance, paving the way for safer AI systems where errors are not only minimised but also anticipated and effectively mitigated. Code for our benchmark can be found at https://github.com/Kinds-of-Intelligence-CFI/PredictaBoard

Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 48 of its 88 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Feb 2025.

Builds on

48 of 88 references.

References · 48

  1. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,971
  2. 2020Scaling Laws for Neural Language Modelscited by 6,586
  3. 2013Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Spacecited by 4,375
  4. 2016A Baseline for Detecting Misclassified and Out-of-Distribution Examples in Neural Networkscited by 2,385
  5. 2019Fine-Tuning Language Models from Human Preferencescited by 2,150
  6. 2022Beyond the Imitation Game: Quantifying and extrapolating the capabilities of language modelscited by 1,998
  7. 2022Language Models (Mostly) Know What They Knowcited by 1,856
  8. 2024MMLU-Pro: A More Robust and Challenging Multi-Task Language Understanding Benchmarkcited by 1,848
  9. 2022Challenging BIG-Bench Tasks and Whether Chain-of-Thought Can Solve Themcited by 1,807
  10. 2016Concrete Problems in AI Safetycited by 1,642
  11. 2016Enriching Word Vectors with Subword Informationcited by 1,583
  12. 2024HarmBench: A Standardized Evaluation Framework for Automated Red Teaming and Robust Refusalcited by 1,429
36 more
  1. 2017Enhancing The Reliability of Out-of-distribution Image Detection in Neural Networkscited by 1,328
  2. 2019Aleatoric and Epistemic Uncertainty in Machine Learning: An Introduction to Concepts and Methodscited by 913
  3. 2023Just Ask for Calibration: Strategies for Eliciting Calibrated Confidence Scores from Language Models Fine-Tuned with Human Feedbackcited by 812
  4. 2022Discovering Latent Knowledge in Language Models Without Supervisioncited by 767
  5. 2022Teaching Models to Express Their Uncertainty in Wordscited by 751
  6. 2023The Geometry of Truth: Emergent Linear Structure in Large Language Model Representations of True/False Datasetscited by 712
  7. 2023The Internal State of an LLM Knows When It's Lyingcited by 659
  8. 2023Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Eliciting Strong Capabilities With Weak Supervisioncited by 467
  9. 2018Scalable agent alignment via reward modeling: a research directioncited by 447
  10. 2023Language Models can Solve Computer Taskscited by 372
  11. 2024Hybrid LLM: Cost-Efficient and Quality-Aware Query Routingcited by 372
  12. 2023JudgeLM: Fine-tuned Large Language Models are Scalable Judgescited by 367
  13. 2022Text and Code Embeddings by Contrastive Pre-Trainingcited by 361
  14. 2024tinyBenchmarks: evaluating LLMs with fewer examplescited by 310
  15. 2023An Overview of Catastrophic AI Riskscited by 222
  16. 2023Large Language Model Routing with Benchmark Datasetscited by 172
  17. 2018Supervising strong learners by amplifying weak expertscited by 145
  18. 2024Observational Scaling Laws and the Predictability of Language Model Performancecited by 130
  19. 2024Language Models Learn to Mislead Humans via RLHFcited by 124
  20. 2024Do I Know This Entity? Knowledge Awareness and Hallucinations in Language Modelscited by 115
  21. 2024What Large Language Models Know and What People Think They Knowcited by 110
  22. 2021Machine Learning with a Reject Option: A surveycited by 109
  23. 2024Towards Guaranteed Safe AI: A Framework for Ensuring Robust and Reliable AI Systemscited by 96
  24. 2023Fly-Swat or Cannon? Cost-Effective Language Model Choice via Meta-Modelingcited by 95
  25. 2024Truth is Universal: Robust Detection of Lies in LLMscited by 79
  26. 2021NL-Augmenter: A Framework for Task-Sensitive Natural Language Augmentationcited by 73
  27. 2025Detecting Strategic Deception Using Linear Probescited by 68
  28. 2021Comparing Test Sets with Item Response Theorycited by 57
  29. 2020Measuring the Algorithmic Efficiency of Neural Networkscited by 52
  30. 2024How predictable is language model benchmark performance?cited by 37
  31. 2023How Predictable Are Large Language Model Capabilities? A Case Study on BIG-benchcited by 34
  32. 2024Large Language Models for UAVs: Current State and Pathways to the Futurecited by 33
  33. 2024Take Caution in Using LLMs as Human Surrogates: Scylla Ex Machinacited by 29
  34. 2024Do Large Language Models Perform the Way People Expect? Measuring the Human Generalization Functioncited by 24
  35. 2024100 instances is all you need: predicting the success of a new LLM on unseen data by testing on a few instancescited by 24
  36. 2024Can a Bayesian Oracle Prevent Harm from an Agent?cited by 13

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 4; 2026: 3.

7 papers.