mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Adversarial Negotiation Dynamics in Generative Language Models

arXiv 2501.00069 ↗First posted 29 Dec 2024cs.CL cs.AIcited by 1

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Abstract (arXiv)

Generative language models are increasingly used for contract drafting and enhancement, creating a scenario where competing parties deploy different language models against each other. This introduces not only a game-theory challenge but also significant concerns related to AI safety and security, as the language model employed by the opposing party can be unknown. These competitive interactions can be seen as adversarial testing grounds, where models are effectively red-teamed to expose vulnerabilities such as generating biased, harmful or legally problematic text. Despite the importance of these challenges, the competitive robustness and safety of these models in adversarial settings remain poorly understood. In this small study, we approach this problem by evaluating the performance and vulnerabilities of major open-source language models in head-to-head competitions, simulating real-world contract negotiations. We further explore how these adversarial interactions can reveal potential risks, informing the development of more secure and reliable models. Our findings contribute to the growing body of research on AI safety, offering insights into model selection and optimisation in competitive legal contexts and providing actionable strategies for mitigating risks.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 5 of its 8 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Dec 2024.

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5 of 8 references.

References · 5

  1. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,419
  2. 2023Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Modelscited by 13,028
  3. 2023The Falcon Series of Open Language Modelscited by 535
  4. 2024SaulLM-7B: A pioneering Large Language Model for Lawcited by 142
  5. 2023LawBench: Benchmarking Legal Knowledge of Large Language Modelscited by 117

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