mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Wonderful Matrices: Combining for a More Efficient and Effective Foundation Model Architecture

arXiv 2412.11834 ↗First posted 16 Dec 2024cs.LG cs.AI cs.CLcited by 1

On the map: Mixture-of-experts → Expert routing strategies

Abstract (arXiv)

In order to make the foundation model more efficient and effective, our idea is combining sequence transformation and state transformation. First, we prove the availability of rotary position embedding in the state space duality algorithm, which reduces the perplexity of the hybrid quadratic causal self-attention and state space duality by more than 4%, to ensure that the combining sequence transformation unifies position encoding. Second, we propose dynamic mask attention, which maintains 100% accuracy in the more challenging multi-query associative recall task, improving by more than 150% compared to quadratic causal self-attention and state space duality, to ensure that the combining sequence transformation selectively filters relevant information. Third, we design cross domain mixture of experts, which makes the computational speed of expert retrieval with more than 1024 experts 8 to 10 times faster than the mixture of experts, to ensure that the combining state transformation quickly retrieval mixture. Finally, we summarize these matrix algorithms that can form the foundation model: Wonderful Matrices, which can be a competitor to popular model architectures.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Expert routing strategies, one of 12 directions in Mixture-of-experts. Builds on 19 of its 24 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Dec 2024.

Builds on

19 of 24 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024Mixture of A Million Experts4 Jul

Other references · 18

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,361
  2. 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,715
  3. 2020Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understandingcited by 7,963
  4. 2018Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challengecited by 4,886
  5. 2023Mamba: Linear-Time Sequence Modeling with Selective State Spacescited by 4,718
  6. 2021RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embeddingcited by 4,703
  7. 2019HellaSwag: Can a Machine Really Finish Your Sentence?cited by 4,100
  8. 2017TriviaQA: A Large Scale Distantly Supervised Challenge Dataset for Reading Comprehensioncited by 2,955
  9. 2019PIQA: Reasoning about Physical Commonsense in Natural Languagecited by 2,883
  10. 2018Can a Suit of Armor Conduct Electricity? A New Dataset for Open Book Question Answeringcited by 2,164
  11. 2020Transformers are RNNs: Fast Autoregressive Transformers with Linear Attentioncited by 2,022
  12. 2020GLU Variants Improve Transformercited by 1,804
6 more
  1. 2024Transformers are SSMs: Generalized Models and Efficient Algorithms Through Structured State Space Dualitycited by 1,336
  2. 2024DeepSeekMoE: Towards Ultimate Expert Specialization in Mixture-of-Experts Language Modelscited by 867
  3. 2023C-Eval: A Multi-Level Multi-Discipline Chinese Evaluation Suite for Foundation Modelscited by 708
  4. 2024Jamba: A Hybrid Transformer-Mamba Language Modelcited by 401
  5. 2023Zoology: Measuring and Improving Recall in Efficient Language Modelscited by 204
  6. 2019Large Memory Layers with Product Keyscited by 124

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.

1 paper.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024Wonderful Matrices: More Efficient and Effective Architecture for Language Modeling Tasks
  2. 2026Retrieval-Aware Distillation for Transformer-SSM Hybrids
  3. 2025On Structured State-Space Duality
  4. 2026Gaussian Mixture Attention: Linear-Time Sequence Mixing via Probabilistic Latent Routing
  5. 2024Understanding the differences in Foundation Models: Attention, State Space Models, and Recurrent Neural Networks
  6. 2025Element-wise Attention Is All You Need
  7. 2024Expansion Span: Combining Fading Memory and Retrieval in Hybrid State Space Models
  8. 2026Retrievit: In-context Retrieval Capabilities of Transformers, State Space Models, and Hybrid Architectures