Correlation-Aware Select and Merge Attention for Efficient Fine-Tuning and Context Length Extension

Modeling long sequences is crucial for various large-scale models; however, extending existing architectures to handle longer sequences presents significant technical and resource challenges. In this paper, we propose an efficient and flexible attention architecture that enables the extension of context lengths in large language models with reduced computational resources and fine-tuning time compared to other excellent methods. Specifically, we introduce correlation-aware selection and merging mechanisms to facilitate efficient sparse attention. In addition, we also propose a novel data augmentation technique involving positional encodings to enhance generalization to unseen positions. The results are as follows: First, using a single A100, we achieve fine-tuning on Llama2-7B with a sequence length of 32K, which is more efficient than other methods that rely on subsets for regression. Second, we present a comprehensive method for extending context lengths across the pre-training, fine-tuning, and inference phases. During pre-training, our attention mechanism partially breaks translation invariance during token selection, so we apply positional encodings only to the selected tokens. This approach achieves relatively high performance and significant extrapolation capabilities. For fine-tuning, we introduce Cyclic, Randomly Truncated, and Dynamically Growing NTK Positional Embedding (CRD NTK). This design allows fine-tuning with a sequence length of only 16K, enabling models such as Llama2-7B and Mistral-7B to perform inference with context lengths of up to 1M or even arbitrary lengths. Our method achieves 100% accuracy on the passkey task with a context length of 4M and maintains stable perplexity at a 1M context length. This represents at least a 64-fold reduction in resource requirements compared to traditional full-attention mechanisms, while still achieving competitive performance.