mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

LIME: Less Is More for MLLM Evaluation

arXiv 2409.06851 ↗First posted 10 Sep 2024cs.CV cs.AIcited by 7

On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → MLLM training and visual instruction tuning

Abstract (arXiv)

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are evaluated on various benchmarks, such as image captioning, visual question answering, and reasoning. However, many of these benchmarks include overly simple or uninformative samples, complicating the effective distinction of different MLLMs' performance. Furthermore, evaluating models across numerous benchmarks incurs a significant computational burden. To address these issues, we propose LIME (Less Is More for MLLM Evaluation), a refined and efficient benchmark curated through a semi-automated pipeline. This pipeline filters out uninformative samples and eliminates answer leakage by focusing on tasks that necessitate image-based understanding. Our experiments indicate that LIME reduces the number of samples by 76% and evaluation time by 77%, while also providing a more effective means of distinguishing the capabilities of different models. Notably, we find that traditional automatic metrics, such as CIDEr, are inadequate for assessing MLLMs' captioning performance; excluding the caption task score yields a more accurate reflection of overall model performance. All code and data are available at https://github.com/kangreen0210/LIME.

Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in MLLM training and visual instruction tuning, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 34 of its 40 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Sep 2024.

Builds on

34 of 40 references.

Closest ancestors · 12

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024LLaVA-OneVision: Easy Visual Task Transfer6 Aug
  2. 2024MiniCPM-V: A GPT-4V Level MLLM on Your Phone3 Aug
  3. 2024LMMs-Eval: Reality Check on the Evaluation of Large Multimodal Models17 Jul
  4. 2024Cambrian-1: A Fully Open, Vision-Centric Exploration of Multimodal LLMs24 Jun
  5. 2024MANTIS: Interleaved Multi-Image Instruction Tuning2 May
  6. 2024How Far Are We to GPT-4V? Closing the Gap to Commercial Multimodal Models with Open-Source Suites25 Apr
  7. 2024TinyLLaVA: A Framework of Small-scale Large Multimodal Models22 Feb
  8. 2024CMMMU: A Chinese Massive Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding Benchmark22 Jan
  9. 2023InternVL: Scaling up Vision Foundation Models and Aligning for Generic Visual-Linguistic Tasks21 Dec
  10. 2023Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuning5 Oct
  11. 2023MMBench: Is Your Multi-modal Model an All-around Player?12 Jul
  12. 2023MME: A Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Models23 Jun

Other references · 22

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  2. 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,170
  3. 2023Qwen Technical Reportcited by 3,344
  4. 2016Making the V in VQA Matter: Elevating the Role of Image Understanding in Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,516
  5. 2015VQA: Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,506
  6. 2024Qwen2 Technical Reportcited by 2,120
  7. 2023MMMU: A Massive Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding and Reasoning Benchmark for Expert AGIcited by 2,080
  8. 2019Towards VQA Models That Can Readcited by 1,718
  9. 2019OK-VQA: A Visual Question Answering Benchmark Requiring External Knowledgecited by 1,121
  10. 2024Are We on the Right Way for Evaluating Large Vision-Language Models?cited by 914
  11. 2024MiniCPM: Unveiling the Potential of Small Language Models with Scalable Training Strategiescited by 723
  12. 2024Yi: Open Foundation Models by 01.AIcited by 719
10 more
  1. 2023CogAgent: A Visual Language Model for GUI Agentscited by 704
  2. 2018nocaps: novel object captioning at scalecited by 444
  3. 2024What matters when building vision-language models?cited by 326
  4. 2023InternLM-XComposer: A Vision-Language Large Model for Advanced Text-image Comprehension and Compositioncited by 297
  5. 2024CogVLM2: Visual Language Models for Image and Video Understandingcited by 217
  6. 2024Are We Done with MMLU?cited by 194
  7. 2023UniIR: Training and Benchmarking Universal Multimodal Information Retrieverscited by 166
  8. 2017An Analysis of Visual Question Answering Algorithmscited by 90
  9. 2024MixEval: Deriving Wisdom of the Crowd from LLM Benchmark Mixturescited by 74
  10. 2024SciMMIR: Benchmarking Scientific Multi-modal Information Retrievalcited by 23

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Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2025: 7.

7 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2023SEED-Bench-2: Benchmarking Multimodal Large Language Models
  2. 2024MileBench: Benchmarking MLLMs in Long Context
  3. 2024A Survey on Benchmarks of Multimodal Large Language Models
  4. 2024Efficient Multimodal Large Language Models: A Survey
  5. 2024SEED-Bench-2-Plus: Benchmarking Multimodal Large Language Models with Text-Rich Visual Comprehension
  6. 2025Evaluating Variance in Visual Question Answering Benchmarks
  7. 2023SEED-Bench: Benchmarking Multimodal LLMs with Generative Comprehension
  8. 2025SimpleVQA: Multimodal Factuality Evaluation for Multimodal Large Language Models